It’s not until you’re actually standing in the chip aisle that you realize your friend didn’t specify which type of chips she wanted. You stare for what seems like hours (okay maybe three seconds) at plain, baked, barbeque, and even some bizarre cappuccino-flavored concoction before texting her to learn that she wants a specific brand of baked, wavy chips (that a convenience store won’t likely sell).

What does all this have to do with gender equality?

Aside from making you crave chips, my point here is that choosing articles and topics for essays is kinda like standing in that chip aisle: There’s a lot to choose from, and not all options are created equal.

Choose your chip incorrectly, and you end up with a terrible flavor that leaves a bad taste in your mouth for days. Choose your topic and sources incorrectly, and your entire essay could be equally terrible. (A bad grade will leave a bad taste in your mouth for days too.)

So grab a bag of your favorite chips, sit back, and let’s look at 10 good gender equality article choices for your upcoming essay.

The Broad Topic of Gender Equality

Before you do just about anything, you’ll need to decide what exactly to write about. While your professor may have assigned a gender equality essay, it doesn’t mean you can (or should) write about everything related to gender equality in the required five pages.

To write an effective essay, you first need to narrow your topic.

Not sure how to even begin? Here are a few suggestions:

• How/why gender inequality persists
• Why we need full gender equality
• Gender equality and LGBTQ individuals
• Gender-based violence
• Wage gap between genders
• Gender equality in the workplace
• Gender equality in education
• Should only exist sex pills for men
• Promotion of gender equality in professional sports

Keep in mind that even the above list of topics can be further narrowed.

For instance, you might discuss gender-based violence as it relates to teens, to the United States, or to another country. You might focus your discussion of gender equality in the workplace as it relates to STEM fields or to the political arena.

If you’re still not sure which direction is best for your essay, take a look at these 10 gender equality articles to help jump-start your research.

10 Gender Equality Articles to Support Your Next Essay

The articles below cover a wide range of gender equality topics, so I’ve provided a brief summary of each article to help you decide whether the article is a good fit for your essay.

I’ve also included an APA (7th edition) citation and MLA (8th edition) citation for each of the gender equality articles. (If you need to use APA 6th edition, consult this resource for the correct formatting.)

When citing, don’t forget to include in-text citations for each piece of information you use from sources. (Need a few reminders about citation and avoiding plagiarism? Click here to learn more.)

And now, let’s look at those 10 gender equality articles I promised.

1. Why Is Gender Equality Important?

This article is posted by Global Vision International (GVI), “an award-winning organization that focuses on high-impact and high-quality conservation and community development programs.”

In addition to providing readers with ways they can help promote gender equality through volunteer efforts, this article explains how creating equal employment opportunities for women can change the economy and help break the cycle of poverty.

APA 7 Citation

Darrah, P. (2019, June 11). Why is gender equality important? Global Vision International. https://www.gviusa.com/blog/why-is-gender-equality-important/

MLA 8 Citation

Darrah, Petrina. “Why Is Gender Equality Important?” Global Vision International, 11 June 2019, www.gviusa.com/blog/why-is-gender-equality-important/.

2. The Importance of Gender in Early Childhood Education Policy

Published by the well-respected Brookings Institution, the writer argues that gender equality in early childhood education is often overlooked. The writer also stresses the importance of gender awareness in order to help children thrive.

Chi, the author of this article, is a 2018 Echidna Global Scholar and Associate Professor at the Center for Teacher Education Research, KIS, MOE, Beijing Normal University.

APA 7 Citation

Chi, J. (2018, November 5). The importance of gender in early childhood education policy. Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2018/11/05/the-importance-of-gender-in-early-childhood-education-policy/

MLA 8 Citation

Chi, Jin. “The Importance of Gender in Early Childhood Education Policy.” Brookings Institution, 5 Nov. 2018, www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2018/11/05/the-importance-of-gender-in-early-childhood-education-policy/.

3. Gender Equality As a Security Issue

This article asserts that gender inequality should not be thought of as only a feminist issue. It is, in fact, a global security issue. The author indicates that “studies have repeatedly shown that gender inequality is a global concern, linked to domestic and international conflict, radicalization and economics.”

Published by Yale University, this article passes the CRAAP Test regarding currency and authority. If it meets your research needs and is relevant to your essay, it will have passed the test with flying colors.

APA 7 Citation

Johnson-Freese, J. (2019, September 17). Gender equality as a security issue. YaleGlobal Online. https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/gender-equality-security-issue

MLA 8 Citation

Johnson-Freese, Joan. “Gender Equality As a Security Issue.” YaleGlobal Online, 17 Sept. 2019, yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/gender-equality-security-issue.

4. Gender Inequality Is One of the Most Persistent Evils of Our Times

Written by the Prime Minister of Iceland, this piece examines the #MeToo movement and how the government can eliminate gender inequality to work toward an equal society.

This article is published by CNN, a respected news organization.

If you’re not sure whether the online sources you’re reviewing are credible, take a look at Evaluating Websites: What You Need to Know to Find Great Sources.

APA 7 Citation

Jakobsdóttir, K. (2019, September 17). Gender inequality is one of the most persistent evils of our times. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/17/opinions/katrn-jakobsdttir-gender-inequality-intl/index.html

MLA 8 Citation

Jakobsdóttir, Katrin. “Gender Inequality Is One of the Most Persistent Evils of Our Times.” CNN, 17 Sept. 2019. www.cnn.com/2019/09/17/opinions/katrn-jakobsdttir-gender-inequality-intl/index.html.

5. Goal 5: Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls

This United Nations article highlights the importance of achieving gender equality in order to build a “foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world.”

This article includes gender inequality statistics and also links to a variety of gender- and equality-related sites.

Interested in reading one writer’s thoughts on how to achieve gender equality? Take a look at The Goals and Ways of Achieving Gender Equality.

APA 7 Citation

United Nations. (n.d.). Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

MLA 8 Citation

“Goal 5: Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls.” United Nations,  www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/.

6. Gender Inequality and Women in the Workplace

Posted as a Q&A with a sociology professor at Harvard, this piece examines the concerns of work–life balance, fertility rates, and concerns over the declining birth rate in Japan and how the decline could undermine the Japanese economy.

Not sure how to approach an essay about gender equality in the workplace? Get inspired by reading this essay from our library on childcare, gender equality, and paternal leave, or this essay on women in combat.

APA 7 Citation

Harvard Summer School. (n.d.). Gender inequality and women in the workplace. https://www.summer.harvard.edu/inside-summer/gender-inequality-women-workplace

MLA 8 Citation

“Gender Inequality and Women in the Workplace.” Harvard Summer School, www.summer.harvard.edu/inside-summer/gender-inequality-women-workplace.

7. Women’s Rights (killer facts on gender equality)

This is a brief fact sheet filled with statistics about gender inequality. For instance, the fact sheet states how “gender-based violence is one of the biggest causes of injury and death to women worldwide, causing more deaths and disability among women aged 15 to 44 than cancer, malaria, traffic accidents, and war.” The fact sheet also details how, “as a result of violence and neglect, there are 50 million fewer women in South Asia today than there should be.”

This fact sheet is published by OxFam New Zealand, “a non-profit organisation dedicated to finding lasting solutions to poverty and injustice” (OxFam.org.nz), and also links to a women’s rights section of the website.

Looking for ideas about gender equality and the status of women in society? Check out this essay from our library.

APA 7 Citation

OxFam New Zealand. (n.d.). Women’s rights. https://www.oxfam.org.nz/what-we-do/issues/gender-equality/killer-facts

MLA 8 Citation

“Women’s Rights.” OxFam New Zealand, 2019, www.oxfam.org.nz/what-we-do/issues/gender-equality/killer-facts.

8. 7 Appalling Facts That Prove We Need Gender Equality Now

This article highlights seven facts to illustrate the injustices of gender inequality, including the fact that “over 150 countries have at least one actively sexist law.” Other facts include that “1 in 3 women have experienced physical or sexual violence at some point in their lifetime.” Additionally, per the article, “in most countries, women only earn between 60 and 75% of men’s wages – for the same work.”

The site also links to a variety of resources with more information about each of the facts.

Interested in writing about the gender pay gap? Get inspired by reading A Study of the Gender Pay Gap in Society.

APA 7 Citation

Olorunshola, Y. (2016, May 25). 7 appalling facts that prove we need gender equality now. Global Citizen. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/shocking-facts-gender-inequality-international-wom/

MLA 8 Citation

Olorunshola, Yosola. “7 Appalling Facts That Prove We Need Gender Equality Now.” Global Citizen, 25 May 2016, www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/shocking-facts-gender-inequality-international-wom/.

9. 17 Marketing Campaigns With a Positive Message for Women

Included in this blog post by Econsultancy are 17 marketing campaigns that fight inequality and female idealism, and promote female empowerment.

The highlighted ads tackle domestic violence, motherhood, education, fashion and beauty even in the young ones.

APA 7 Citation

Econsultancy. (2018, November 21). 17 marketing campaigns with a positive message for women. https://econsultancy.com/17-marketing-campaigns-with-a-positive-message-for-women/

MLA 8 Citation

“17 Marketing Campaigns With a Positive Message for Women.” Econsultancy, 21 Nov. 2018, econsultancy.com/17-marketing-campaigns-with-a-positive-message-for-women/.

10. Gender Equality: “No Room at the Top for Women Scientists”

This article reports the findings of several studies. Per the article, although women do enter STEM and related science fields, many “leave the profession due to problems such as harassment and issues around promotion and pay.”

This article is trustworthy and is a reliable research source as it’s published by BBC News.

APA 7 Citation

Briggs, H. (2019, September 6). Gender equality: “No room at the top for women scientists.” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-49552812

MLA 8 Citation

Briggs, Helen. “Gender Equality: ‘No Room at the Top for Women Scientists.’” BBC News, 6 Sept. 2019, www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-49552812.

What’s Next?

Finished your bag of chips but aren’t sure what to do next? You could make another snack run to the convenience store. But you might want to actually do a little more research to find additional gender equality articles for your upcoming essay first. (You can always get more snacks after you’ve finished your research.)

Here are several additional resources to not only help you find the sources you need but also help you put everything together into a finished research essay:

• 5 Best Resources to Help With Writing a Research Paper
• 15 Thesis Statement Examples for Research Papers to Inspire You
• How to Write a Research Paper: A Step-by-Step Guide
• How to Craft a Research Paper Outline

Finished your research and completed a draft of your gender equality essay? Pat yourself on the back, and let a Kibin editor help you make your draft even more awesome. We’re here 24/7 to help you with any step of the writing process.

Because global climate change is frequently in the news, we also have a pretty good working knowledge of the topic. We can probably hold our own in a conversation about it.

What happens, though, when your own knowledge isn’t enough, and you need to write a research paper about climate change?

If you guessed that you need to locate credible research sources, you’re exactly right.

Not sure where to start? Check out these 11 smart sources to support your climate change essay.

11 Smart Sources to Support Your Climate Change Essay

I’ve divided this list of climate change sources into categories to help you locate sources about the history, causes and effects, and strategies to reduce climate change.

I’ve also included two websites that cover an array of climate change topics (just in case you’re looking for even more information).

This list also includes both APA (7th edition) and MLA (8th edition) citations for your References page or Works Cited list, respectively. (Need APA 6th edition? Visit this page for the correct formatting.)

2 sources on the background and history of climate change

To help your audience understand the evidence that has led to the current understanding of climate change, consider citing one (or all) of the resources below.

These resources might also be useful in an argument to illustrate the changes in climate throughout the Earth’s history.

1. Historical Overview of Climate Change Science

This is the first chapter of a longer report about climate change. The chapter begins with an overview of earth science but focuses on the history of climate change and the current understanding of the topic.

If you feel like this chapter is so long that you’ll never remember where information is located, don’t forget to brush up on your annotation skills.

APA 7 Citation:

Le Treut, H., Somerville, R., Cubasch. U., Ding, Y.,  Mauritzen, C., Mokssit, A., Peterson, T., & Prather, M. (2007). Historical overview of climate change. In S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, & H. L. Miller [Eds.], Climate change 2007: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 93–122). Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf

MLA 8 Citation:  

Le Treut, Herve, et al. “Historical Overview of Climate Change Science.” Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by S. Solomon et al., Cambridge University, 2007, pp. 93–122. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf.

2. Climate Change by the U.S. Global Change Research Program

This article includes an overview of climate change and additional sections that discuss how climate change occurs, how it affects the planet, and how people can work to combat climate change.

Published by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, this government website easily passes the CRAAP Test.

APA 7 Citation:

Climate change. (n.d.). U.S. Global Change Research Program. https://www.globalchange.gov/climate-change

MLA 8 Citation: 

“Climate Change.” U.S. Global Change Research Program, www.globalchange.gov/climate-change.

4 sources on the causes and effects of climate change

The sources below discuss the causes and effects of climate change, but keep in mind that you can cite these sources for more than just cause and effect essays.

An argumentative essay, for instance, might cite these sources to argue the most significant cause of climate change or argue the most devastating effects of climate change.

The sources might also serve you well if you’re writing a problem-solution essay (or including a discussion of the problem and its solution in the context of another type of essay).

1. What Is Causing Climate to Change?

This brief article lists key causes of climate change and links to other resources about the effects of climate change.

The article is published by the Committee on Climate Change, an advisory committee in the UK. The committee’s purpose is “to advise the UK Government and Devolved Administrations on emissions targets and report to Parliament on progress made in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and preparing for climate change.”

APA 7 Citation: 

What is causing climate change? (n.d.). Committee on Climate Change. https://www.theccc.org.uk/tackling-climate-change/the-science-of-climate-change/climate-variations-natural-and-human-factors/

MLA 8 Citation:

“What Is Causing Climate Change?” Committee on Climate Change, www.theccc.org.uk/tackling-climate-change/the-science-of-climate-change/climate-variations-natural-and-human-factors/.

2. Effects of Climate Change

Covering the areas of causes, impacts, and potential solutions, this article also links to specific discussions of the impacts of climate change on various animal species and their environments.

Even though the World Wildlife Fund could have potential bias as an organization whose goal is to help wildlife, the website does provide credible information.

APA 7 Citation: 

Effects of climate change. (n.d.). World Wildlife Fund. https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/effects-of-climate-change

MLA 8 Citation: 

“Effects of Climate Change.” World Wildlife Fund, 2019, www.worldwildlife.org/threats/effects-of-climate-change.

3. Climate Change Impacts

This article is published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (part of the U.S. Department of Commerce). It addresses the impact of climate change on water, temperature, ecosystems, and society.

APA 7 Citation:

Climate change impacts. (2019, February). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/climate-education-resources/climate-change-impacts

MLA 8 Citation: 

“Climate Change Impacts.” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Feb. 2019, www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/climate-education-resources/climate-change-impacts.

4. Climate Change Could Raise the Risk of Deadly Fungal Infections in Humans

In this article, the writer reports that scientists are studying fungal infections in humans and examining how fungus, because of warming temperatures on Earth, may now be more tolerant to the human body temperature.

Infections of the fungus C. auris, for instance, can cause blood, brain, and heart infections. These infections could prove to be fatal in at least 30%–60% of cases.

This article is considered credible as it is published by Science News, “an independent, nonprofit source of accurate information on the latest news of science, medicine and technology.”

APA 7 Citation:

Cunningham, A. (2019, July 26). Climate change could raise the risk of deadly fungal infections in humans. Science News. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/climate-change-could-raise-risk-deadly-fungal-infections-humans

MLA Citation:

Cunningham, Aimee. “Climate Change Could Raise the Risk of Deadly Fungal Infections in Humans.” Science News, 26 July 2019, www.sciencenews.org/article/climate-change-could-raise-risk-deadly-fungal-infections-humans.

3 sources on reducing the effects of climate change

Though no one has developed any solutions to climate change, the resources below illustrate potential strategies for reducing its effects.

1. Don’t Burn Trees to Fight Climate Change—Let Them Grow

McKibben, a former New Yorker staff writer and the Schumann Distinguished Scholar in Environmental Studies at Middlebury College, argues that cutting trees and using them (in various forms) as fuel is not a solution to climate change.

This process does not immediately cancel out carbon emissions when trees regrow and thus absorb the carbon. Instead, he argues, the process of absorption happens over time as the trees regrow.

The problem, he states, is that this process is entirely too long, and it will be too late as damage to the climate will have already occurred.

APA 7 Citation:

McKibben, B. (2019, August 15). Don’t burn trees to fight climate change—Let them grow. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/dont-burn-trees-to-fight-climate-changelet-them-grow

MLA 8 Citation: 

McKibben, Bill. “Don’t Burn Trees to Fight Climate Change—Let Them Grow.” The New Yorker, 15 Aug. 2019, www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/dont-burn-trees-to-fight-climate-changelet-them-grow.

2. Urban Forests Are Crucial for Combating Climate Change, but Planting More Trees Is Easier Said Than Done

Published by the Boston Globe, this article explains how Boston initially announced in 2007 that it would plant 100,000 new trees by 2020. But the project was abandoned because of the city’s population and officials’ concerns over maintaining current trees.

The author, however, argues that urban forests are essential in order to (among other things) absorb carbon, provide shade, reduce dependence on air conditioning, and prevent stormwater runoff.

APA 7 Citation:

Crawford, A. (2019, August 19). Urban forests are crucial for combating climate change, but planting more trees is easier said than done. Boston Globe. https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2019/08/16/urban-forests-are-crucial-for-combating-climate-change-but-planting-more-trees-easier-said-than-done/Tu48OZUMQnjy0RR8CBma4K/story.html

MLA 8 Citation: 

Crawford, Amy. “Urban Forests Are Crucial for Combating Climate Change, But Planting More Trees Is Easier Said Than Done.” Boston Globe, 19 Aug. 2019, www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2019/08/16/urban-forests-are-crucial-for-combating-climate-change-but-planting-more-trees-easier-said-than-done/Tu48OZUMQnjy0RR8CBma4K/story.html.

3. Could Wooden Buildings Be a Solution to Climate Change?

Published by the BBC, this article argues that wooden structures are more eco-friendly than other building types as they reduce the amounts of steel and concrete used (which contribute to the amount of carbon dioxide in the air).

The writer even argues that “the best form of carbon sequestration is to chop down trees: to restore our sustainable, managed forests, and use the resulting wood as a building material.”

APA 7 Citation:

Smedley, T. (2019, July 25). Could wooden buildings be a solution to climate change? BBC. http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20190717-climate-change-wooden-architecture-concrete-global-warming

MLA 8 Citation: 

Smedley, Tim. “Could Wooden Buildings Be A Solution to Climate Change?” BBC, 25 July 2019, www.bbc.com/future/story/20190717-climate-change-wooden-architecture-concrete-global-warming.

2 additional climate change resources

If you’re looking for specific data, a topic a bit more narrow than “climate change,” or simply want a few additional sources for your paper, the two websites below offer links to a variety of additional climate change information.

1. NASA—Global Climate Change

This NASA website includes an array of climate change topics, including news stories, evidence, causes, and effects of climate change.

The website also links to a Climate Resource Center, which is “an extensive collection of global warming resources for media, educators, weathercasters and public speakers.”

APA 7 Citation (example page from website):

Vinas, M. (2019, August 13). NASA studies how arctic wildfires change the world. NASA. https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2902/nasa-studies-how-arctic-wildfires-change-the-world/

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website):

Vinas, Maria-Jose. “NASA Studies How Arctic Wildfires Change the World.” NASA, 13 Aug. 2019, climate.nasa.gov/news/2902/nasa-studies-how-arctic-wildfires-change-the-world/.

2. Climate Change Research Group, International Institute for Environment and Development 

The International Institute for Environment and Development is an independent research organization operating globally. One of its four research groups focuses on climate change. Accordingly, the website offers a host of resources, including blogs, projects, and links to additional research.

APA 7 Citation: (example page from website)

Ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation. (n.d.). International Institute for Environment and Development. https://www.iied.org/ecosystem-based-approaches-climate-change-adaptation

MLA 8 Citation: (example page from website)

“Ecosystem-Based Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation.” International Institute for Environment and Development, www.iied.org/ecosystem-based-approaches-climate-change-adaptation.

So You Have a List of Climate Change Sources…Now What?

This list of sources may be all you need to get started with your climate change essay. But there’s a good chance that you’re still looking for additional information.

If you’re looking specifically for information about global warming, read 12 Global Warming Articles to Help Your Next Essay.

Need help with finding additional resources? Check out five sources that can help with writing a research paper.

For a few tips on how to get rolling on your paper, take a look at the following posts:

• 6 Prewriting Strategies to Get Your Essay Rolling
• 7 Essay Outline Templates to Get Your Essay Going
• How to Avoid Plagiarism in Your Essay Writing
• How to Write a Thesis Statement in 5 Simple Steps

Interested in reading a few example papers about climate change before you tackle your own essay? Check out these essays from our library:

• The History of the Climate Change Science and the Potential Effects of Global Warming
• The Solution to Climate Change in Developed Countries
• A Discussion on the Issues of Global Climate Change and Environmental Degradation

Have you completed a draft of your climate change essay but want to ensure it will make the grade? Let a Kibin editor help. We’ve edited tens of thousands of essays and are standing by 24/7 to help you with yours.

Good question.

You, your neighbor, or just about anyone can publish online. In the world of the internet, you could become Allie S. Everson, PhD and write an article titled “The Evolution of String Theory: Are Scientists Stringing Us Along?”

Sounds credible, right? All you need to do is write a really good summary of what you can dig up on Wikipedia and bam—you have an article!

The problems with this are pretty obvious. First, you’re likely plagiarizing another source to write your article. And second, you’re claiming you hold a PhD.

Another problem is that some unsuspecting student might be citing your bogus article in a research paper.

You could easily fall victim to bogus “experts” too, if you don’t carefully choose your sources.

So how exactly do you decide if a source is crap? Simple: Apply the CRAAP Test!

(Yes, really. CRAAP Test. That’s really what it’s called.)

The test helps you determine whether your sources are crap, so keep reading to learn how to use it.

What Is the CRAAP Test?

The CRAAP Test is a series of questions to help you decide whether a source is credible.

It’s like evaluating all the elements that make up a source through a microscope. You need to look at all of its parts to determine whether it’s appropriate for your research essay.

CRAAP stands for “currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose.” You’ll need to examine each one of these components to decide whether a source is crap or whether it’s worthy of inclusion in your research paper.

Applying the CRAAP Test to Your Essay Sources

When you’re completing research, you don’t want to use every source you find. You also can’t just assume that all sources are created equal.

Sure, you’ll save a lot of time by choosing the first five or ten sources that appear in your search results. But it’s not likely that they’ll be the best (or most appropriate) sources for your paper.

Why?

Because when you research, you’ll encounter many sources that are, in fact, crap (especially if you’re doing all of your research online using only websites).

To determine what’s useful and what’s not, test your sources by asking the questions listed under each of the following categories.

CRAAP Test: Currency

In this case, currency has nothing to do with money. Here, currency refers to the timeliness of the source. In other words, when was it written?

Unless you’re critiquing a specific source or you’re using it for a historical overview, you’ll want to find the most recent information possible.

If you’re citing a website, it might not be that easy to find the date the source was originally written. But you should be able to find the date the information was last updated. Check the bottom of the webpage for a date when the information was created or last updated.

Think the date of a source can’t really mean that much? Think again.

Let’s say you find a source online (written five years ago) about a breakthrough cancer treatment. A five-year-old source may not be that old for some topics. But in the world of science and technology, five years might as well be a lifetime.

That breakthrough cancer treatment of five years ago might have already been deemed unsafe, and several new breakthrough treatments might now be in place.

CRAAP Test: Relevance

This may sound a bit too obvious, but you’ll need to ask yourself whether the source is relevant to your research.

Just because you’re writing a paper about minimum-wage laws and the title of the article includes the words “minimum-wage laws,” you can’t automatically assume the content of the article meets your needs.

The article might explain the reasons that minimum-wage laws were created. But if you’ve already located a source about the history of the law to use as background information, the article may not provide any new or useful information for your paper.

You’ll also need to think about the intended audience and whether the source is written at an appropriate level.

If, for example, the source is written for middle school students and you’re writing a college research essay, you can pretty much assume your professor won’t be too happy seeing the source on your Works Cited or References page.

Don’t assume that scholarly resources will always be written for the appropriate audience, either.

If you’re writing a paper about mental illness and you’ve located a research paper written by doctors for doctors, you might become a bit lost. If the paper is written for other doctors, the authors have likely used terms and explanations that you simply won’t understand.

You should skip these types of articles too. If you can’t make sense of the information, you certainly can’t use it as a source in your paper.

CRAAP Test: Authority

I have it on good authority that evaluating the authority of a website means more than simply locating the author of the article or site.

Knowing the name of the author doesn’t do you much good if that’s all you know.

Start your review of the site’s authority by looking at the author’s credentials.

Does the author have a degree in the field? Does he or she work in the field? Has the author written other articles or books about the subject?

NOTE: Someone having written about a subject or published a book about a subject doesn’t automatically mean that he or she is credible.

A self-proclaimed “healer,” for instance, isn’t as credible as an MD (doctor of medicine) if you’re researching new medical treatments.

Next, consider the type of source you’re reviewing and whether it’s appropriate for your needs.

If you’re researching opinions about the newest iPhone, reading blogs and forums written by just about anyone might be useful.

On the other hand, if you’re researching the topic of global warming for your essay, reading sources written by just about anyone is definitely not recommended.

When you’re evaluating the authority of a web source, remember to look at the URL. A .com site is more likely to simply want to sell you something. A .gov or .edu site will likely present more in-depth and balanced information. A .org site may contain detailed information, but it may have an agenda and may be biased.

You’re looking for clear, accurate, unbiased, and well-documented sources. Usually, this means avoiding .com sites. (News websites, such as CNN.com, NYTimes.com, or NPR.com are generally exceptions to this rule.)

Looking for help finding credible sources online? Read 5 Best Sources to Help With Writing a Research Paper.

CRAAP Test: Accuracy

Does this source hit the mark? Is the information correct?

Before you decide whether you want to use the source in your essay, check to see whether you can verify the information.

If one source states 75% of college students don’t bother to purchase the required textbooks for their courses and another source states roughly 10% of students don’t purchase textbooks, look to see how the statistics were gathered and try to verify which source is correct. (Keep in mind, you may find a third source that presents yet another statistic, so you may need to continue to research to verify accuracy.)

Next, read carefully to make sure the author uses ample evidence to support claims.

If a source claims 50% of all teens with valid driver’s licenses receive at least one speeding ticket before they reach the age of 20, does the author support this claim with verifiable, statistical evidence? Or does the author just make up random statistics to support that argument?

The final step in checking accuracy is to examine the author’s arguments. Is the information balanced, or is it biased? A biased source contains only one side of the argument, likely with little evidence to support claims.

A Note About Appearances: If you’re reading an anonymous source with multiple spelling and typographical errors, it’s pretty easy to figure out that the source might not be credible and that the information might not be accurate. But sometimes non-credible websites appear to be professional. Don’t be fooled by a slick-looking website.

To learn more, take a look at Evaluating Websites: What You Need to Know to Find Great Sources.

CRAAP Test: Purpose

No, don’t spend your time now asking what’s the purpose of writing a research paper. (That’s a conversation for another time.)

Now is the time to ask why your potential essay source was published.

Was it written to inform readers? Does it use fair, unbiased language? Or is the purpose to persuade? Does the author use persuasive or manipulative language to convince readers?

Again, this is especially important when evaluating websites. Does the website exist solely to sell you something? Is it trying to promote a political or religious agenda?

If the source is biased and attempts to promote a specific agenda, it’s probably not your best bet for a research essay (unless, of course, your paper intends to evaluate the article and examine the bias and propaganda in the source).

Now that you know what the CRAAP Test is, let’s apply it to an example assignment.

A Sample CRAAP Test

For the purposes of this CRAAP Test, pretend you’re writing an argumentative essay about animal abuse and testing.

Should you cite the website People for the Ethical Treatment for Animals (PETA) in a formal, research-based argumentative essay?

Let’s put PETA to the test. (Don’t worry—no animals will be harmed in this experiment.)

Currency

When you check the bottom of the homepage, you’ll notice that the page lists the current year as a copyright date.

Feature stories as well as news stories are current, with publication times as recent as 23 hours ago.

Clearly, PETA keeps its site up to date and provides current information.

Relevance

PETA’s entire focus is animal welfare, as pointed out by the following mission statement: “Animals are not ours to experiment on, eat, wear, or abuse in any other way.”

If you’re arguing that animal abuse and testing needs to stop, PETA provides plenty of information to review. It’s safe to say that PETA is a relevant source.

Authority

PETA includes a “PETA People” section that lists various staff members and executive board members.

Listing employees’ credentials helps to increase the credibility of the site as this illustrates that writers are capable and qualified to write about the topic of animal welfare.

Accuracy

Though PETA contains a number of news articles, most of these articles are written only in support of PETA’s activities, making much of the information biased.

While the articles may appear to contain credible information about world events (like the UK banning wild animals in circuses), there are few (if any) links to additional outside sources to help verify information.

Because PETA rarely links to outside sources, the information is presented only from PETA’s point of view. This makes it difficult for the average reader to know how much of the information is accurate.

If you’re not sure that a source is presenting accurate information, your next step in evaluating the source is to see if the information is published elsewhere.

In the case of the UK banning wild animals in circuses, you can easily find a government website to verify that such legislation has been introduced.

But what about the accuracy of the other information presented on PETA’s website?

A quick online search about PETA uncovers a slew of negative articles and websites that attempt to highlight the supposed inaccuracies and lies promoted by PETA.

Search results contain a number of opinion pieces (like this one from Vassar College) and websites (like this one) that are in favor of abolishing PETA and attempt to expose “the truth.” (Remember, not all sources are credible, and some of these sources will likely fail the CRAAP Test.)

Within the search results, however, you’ll also find credible blogs, op-eds, and articles from respected sources, such as HuffPost and The Atlantic. And it’s those credible sources that will make almost any reader question the authority of PETA and its usefulness as a research source.

Purpose

The purpose of PETA is abundantly clear: to persuade.

PETA’s goal is to convince readers to support its cause and get every reader to contribute to the organization. For instance, PETA heavily promotes its agenda through continued pop-ups asking readers to donate.

PETA also favors emotional appeals as it attempts to persuade readers through graphic pictures of testing, sad animals in cages, and happy, adopted animals. PETA also uses persuasive and manipulative language in an effort to convince readers.

The final evaluation of PETA

While PETA is a widely known organization whose website contains a great deal of information against animal testing and abuse, the site fails the CRAAP Test and is not a strong source for a research source.

Due to its biased content, questionable reputation, emotional appeals, and overall purpose (to persuade, rather than to inform), skip PETA as a source. Instead, look to more scholarly sources to support your arguments.

If your research consists of only online sources, here are a few resource ideas to get you started on your research about animal testing.

Want to further practice applying the CRAAP Test but don’t have any of your own sources yet? Grab an example research essay from our essay library and assess its sources.

Enough of This CRAAP

If you use crappy sources, you’ll end up with a crappy paper (and most likely a crappy grade). Apply the CRAAP Test to ensure you’re using credible sources for all of your assignments.

Have you evaluated all of your sources and have a ton of useful resources but aren’t sure what to do now?

Check out these posts to help you with the next steps of the writing process:

• How to Annotate a Text (and Why It’s Helpful)
• How to Use Graphic Organizers for Writing Better Essays
• Rough Draft Mishaps: 5 Painful Mistakes to Avoid

Tired of all this serious evaluation of sources? Looking for a catchy way to remember what CRAAP stands for? Watch this light-hearted video:

If you’re ready to put the finishing touches on your paper, don’t forget to have one of our Kibin editors review it . We’re here 24/7 and can provide constructive feedback to help you write an awesome paper—and if your sources are crap, we’ll let you know.

Editor’s note: This post was originally published on July 13, 2015, but has been updated for freshness, accuracy, and relevancy. 

You might recognize this quote as part of the poem on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty. It has almost become synonymous with immigrants coming to the United States in pursuit of the American Dream. If you decide to invest or even live in Portugal, you may need to apply for a golden visa portugal.

But if this quote and the Statue of Liberty are where your knowledge of immigration ends, you’ll need a little help supporting your immigration essay.

Here are 12 sources to get you started.

12 Helpful Sources to Support Your Immigration Essay

I’ve divided the list of 12 sources into categories covering the basics of immigration, facts and statistics, news, anti-immigration, and proponents of immigration.

I’ve included a brief summary of each source, an APA and MLA 8 citation*, and a few example essays to help get your brain waves in motion.

*For sources for whole websites, the APA and MLA 8 citations provided are for one resource item from the website rather than a citation for the whole website.

Immigration Websites

These two websites focus solely on immigration and provide a variety of facts and resources for both the general public and immigrants.

Even if you don’t end up citing one of these websites in your final paper, because the sites cover so many subtopics related to immigration, you may find them extremely helpful in narrowing your topic.

#1: American Immigration Council

The American Immigration Council is a non-profit organization designed to assist immigrants by providing resources and legal counsel.

The website covers a wide array of informational topics, including immigration and the workforce, the impact of immigration, and humanitarian protection.

This website could prove to be an excellent resource if you wish to explore the steps immigrants must take to work in the United States or to become U.S. citizens.

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website)

Feliz, Wendy. “How the Diversity Visa Lottery Honors American Values.” American Immigration Council, 1 Nov. 2017, immigrationimpact.com/2017/11/01/immigrant-visa-lottery-honors-american-values/.

APA Citation (example page from website)

Feliz, W. (2017). How the diversity visa lottery honors American values. Retrieved from http://immigrationimpact.com/2017/11/01/immigrant-visa-lottery-honors-american-values/

#2: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

This government website is part of the Department of Homeland Security and offers tools for immigrants, including information about working in the United States, obtaining a U.S. Green Card, and obtaining U.S. citizenship.

The Tools section of the site also contains immigration and citizenship data.

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website)

“Path to U.S. Citizenship.” U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, www.uscis.gov/us-citizenship/citizenship-through-naturalization/path-us-citizenship.

APA Citation (example page from website)

Path to U.S. citizenship. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.uscis.gov/us-citizenship/citizenship-through-naturalization/path-us-citizenship

Immigration History, Facts, and Statistics

These three articles offer background information to help discuss the history of immigration both in the United States and in other parts of the world.

They also offer the facts and statistics you’ll need to help your audience understand just how many immigrants and migrants leave their homeland for another country.

#3: U.S. Immigration Before 1965

Part of A&E Networks, this article includes, as the title suggests, an overview of U.S. immigration before 1965. This article also links to several videos about Ellis Island that document U.S. immigration.

Looking for ideas on how to incorporate the history of immigration into your essay? Check out the example essay The Outstanding Effects of Immigration and Its Contribution to the History of America.

MLA 8 Citation

“U.S. Immigration Before 1965.” History.com, 2009, www.history.com/topics/u-s-immigration-before-1965.

APA Citation

U.S. immigration before 1965. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.history.com/topics/u-s-immigration-before-1965

Stuck on Your Essay?

Check out thousands of example essays.

Yes! Show me examples.

#4: Immigration Data & Statistics

This page from the Department of Homeland Security provides ample facts and a number of reports regarding immigration data.

MLA 8 Citation

“Immigration Data & Statistics.” Department of Homeland Security, 9 Jan. 2018, www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics.

APA Citation

Immigration data & statistics. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics

#5: International Migration: Key Findings From the U.S., Europe and the World

Published by the PEW Research Center, this source passes the CRAAP Test with flying colors. The article is clear, specific, and objective. It also includes data from as recently as 2016 regarding migration patterns in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world.

Migration takes many different forms, so if you want to focus on specific types of immigration as they relate to various countries, read The Migration Types in Different Countries for a little writing inspiration.

MLA 8 Citation

Connor, Phillip. “International Migration: Key Findings From the U.S., Europe, and the World.” Pew Research Center, 15 Dec. 2016, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/12/15/international-migration-key-findings-from-the-u-s-europe-and-the-world/.

APA Citation

Connor, P. (2015). International migration: Key findings from the U.S., Europe, and the world. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/12/15/international-migration-key-findings-from-the-u-s-europe-and-the-world/

Immigration in the News

These two news websites offer the latest updates (and archived articles) about immigration.

Remember that news changes quickly, so if you’re reading a breaking news story (or perhaps an archived story), the details can change within hours or even minutes.

While it’s of course important to include current information in your paper, it’s also important that you review stories to make sure that you’re including the most accurate, up-to-date information.

Also, keep in mind that most news sources are not completely non-partisan and therefore contain some bias. Thus, you should always carefully review information by checking the facts in an article with other information you’ve located through your research.

#6: Politico

Launched in 2007, Politico claims to offer a non-partisan perspective of current news. The ability to remain non-partisan increases this site’s credibility, so it’s certainly an acceptable research source.

This site also links to a selection of political cartoons. If you’re looking for a way to start a conversation about a specific topic on immigration, try basing your discussion on one of these cartoons. It’s a great way to analyze current topics and argue policy.

MLA 8 Citation (example news article, web only) 

Marinucci, Carla. “Sessions Lashes Out at California Officials for Resisting Immigration Orders.” Politico, 7 Mar. 2018, www.politico.com/story/2018/03/07/jeff-sessions-california-immigration-444387.

APA Citation (example news article, web only) 

Marinucci, C. (2018). Sessions lashes out at California officials for resisting immigration orders. Retrieved from https://www.politico.com/story/2018/03/07/jeff-sessions-california-immigration-444387

#7: Los Angeles Times—Immigration

Like most news sources, the Los Angeles Times has done its fair share of reporting on immigration. A search of LA Times articles will produce not only a list of current topics but also a lengthy history of articles.

This can be extremely useful if you’re attempting to create a timeline of specific immigration policies.

MLA 8 Citation (example news article, print/web publication)

Hennessey-Fiske, Molly. “U.S. Is Separating Immigrant Parents and Children to Discourage Others, Activists Say.” Los Angeles Times, 20 Feb. 2018, www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-immigrant-family-separations-2018-story.html.

APA Citation (example news article, print/web publication)

Hennessey-Fiske, M. (2018, February 20). U.S. is separating immigrant parents and children to discourage others, activists say. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-immigrant-family-separations-2018-story.html

Anti-Immigration Groups

These two websites focus on anti-immigration efforts in the United States. Such groups have been known to be radical and biased—and thus sometimes skew data in their favor. So it’s important to use caution when reviewing information.

If you’re in favor of immigration, you might use these sites to illustrate the opposing view in your counterargument. If you’re against immigration, you can certainly consider these sources as part of your argument, but do so carefully.

In either case, make sure to fact-check information before using it in your own paper.

Make sure to fact-check information before using it in your own paper.
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#8: FAIR

FAIR was established by John H. Tanton in 1978, so it’s a well-established anti-immigration group in the United States.

The site offers specific resources geared toward individual groups, such as students, media, and the general public.

As you review this website, remember the group focuses on anti-immigration. This means that all information you’ll read on this site is intended to convince readers of the negative aspects of immigration. Given that, it fails to illustrate any positive aspects of immigration.

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website)

O’Brien, Matthew, and Spencer Raley. “The Fiscal Cost of Resettling Refugees in the United States.” Federation for American Immigration Reform, 5 Feb. 2018, fairus.org/issue/legal-immigration/fiscal-cost-resettling-refugees-united-states.

APA Citation (example page from website)

O’Brien, M., & Raley, S. (2018). The fiscal cost of resettling refugees in the United States. Retrieved from https://fairus.org/issue/legal-immigration/fiscal-cost-resettling-refugees-united-states

#9: Americans for Immigration Control

On its website, Americans for Immigration Control states that it is a “non-partisan grassroots activist organization” with a goal of stopping illegal immigration, limiting legal immigration, and securing the nation’s borders.

Though this website claims to have members from many races and creeds, the site also links to more radical anti-immigrant websites.

Once again, it’s important to mention that the data presented on this site works to convince readers that immigrants are harming the country and that immigration should be stopped. It does not present any information to support immigration.

Thus, carefully review the information to determine how you might best incorporate this type of site into your research paper.

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website)

“The Wall Can Pay for Itself.” Americans for Immigration Control, 13 Mar. 2018, www.aicfoundation.com/the-wall-can-pay-for-itself/.

APA Citation (example page from website)

The wall can pay for itself. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.aicfoundation.com/the-wall-can-pay-for-itself/

Immigration Proponents

These three resources support immigration and acknowledge both the struggles and contributions of immigrants.

Though some may argue that these types of sites only illustrate the positive aspects of immigration, their purpose is not necessarily to convince readers. Given that, they are far less likely to skew data or information.

Thus, using these sources means you don’t need to be as concerned about bias as you might be when reviewing anti-immigration sites.

#10: Immigration Advocates Network

This organization provides free services to connect immigrants and partners with law firms to help immigrants with legal matters. Its goal is to “…increase access to justice for immigrants and strengthen the capacity of organizations serving them.”

Most of the non-news content is restricted to members only, but the website includes links to recent news updates and links to a number of immigration organizations. That makes it a great place to look for relevant research sources.

If you’re writing about the network itself, though, the About page provides some useful information.

MLA 8 Citation (example page from website)

“About.” Immigration Advocates Network, Pro Bono Net, www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/about/.

APA Citation (example page from website)

About. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/about/

#11: United We Dream

United We Dream is the self-proclaimed “largest immigrant youth-led community in the country.” Its goal is to help people find their voices and empower youth to fight for justice.

The website offers a variety of articles, tools, reports, and resources for immigrants. It even provides some tools in multiple languages.

If your immigration essay focuses on youth, this website could be an excellent resource to help explain the specific struggles young immigrants face. The site could also be used as a resource for a larger discussion about how immigration affects all age groups.

Writing an essay about the positive contributions of immigrants? Read The Benefits of Employing Immigrants in the Workplace to see how one writer tackled the topic.

MLA 8 Citation (example for report from website)

Pérez, Zenén  Jaimes, et al. Immigration Raids: The Real Impact. United We Dream, Jan. 2016, unitedwedream.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Report-Hotline-raids-1.pdf.

APA Citation (example for report from website)

Pérez, Z. J.,  Canizales, C., & Ochoa, R. A. (2016). Immigration raids: The real impact. Washington, DC: United We Dream. Retrieved from https://unitedwedream.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Report-Hotline-raids-1.pdf

#12: Immigrants (We Get the Job Done)

Looking for something other than a standard news article or organization website to cite in your immigration essay? Check out this video that brings attention to immigration using hip-hop to send a powerful message.

Lin-Manuel Miranda (the creator of the hit musical Hamilton) is one of the executive producers of the mini-film. This video is posted on NPR’s website and includes a brief article that provides a bit of background information about the video.

Interested in incorporating Lin-Manuel Miranda or the story of Alexander Hamilton—who was an immigrant—in your paper? Check out this sample essay for ideas.

Do you want to tell the story of one immigrant who got the job done, or are you writing a case study? Look no further! This sample essay contains both and may be just the inspiration you need for your own paper.

MLA 8 Citation

Flanagan, Andrew. “Watch Lin-Manuel Miranda’s Stunning New Video For ‘Immigrants (We Get the Job Done).’” NPR, 28 June 2017, www.npr.org/event/music/534746532/watch-lin-manuel-mirandas-stunning-new-video-for-immigrants-we-get-the-job-done.

APA Citation

Flanagan, A. (2017). Watch Lin-Manuel Miranda’s stunning new video for ‘Immigrants (we get the job done).’ Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/event/music/534746532/watch-lin-manuel-mirandas-stunning-new-video-for-immigrants-we-get-the-job-done

Look How Far You’ve Come

You started reading this post looking for sources for your immigration essay. At this point, hopefully, you’ve found at least a few that are suitable for your paper.

If you’re looking for even more ideas for sources, check out 5 Best Resources to Help With Writing a Research Paper.

If you have plenty of sources but need help putting it all together, here are a few posts to help:

• 6 Prewriting Strategies to Get Your Essay Rolling
• How to Craft a Research Paper Outline
• How to Write a Term Paper Without Losing Your Mind
• Contemporary and Controversial: How to Write a Powerful Social Issues Essay 

Have a draft and ready to get the job (of revising) done? Let a Kibin editor help!

Some people may automatically think Reefer Madness and see the film as an extreme exaggeration of users. Others may see it as a film with some underlying bit of truth to the dangers of marijuana.

Still others may think of a marijuana user as an average person, one who smokes marijuana and who’s no different than the average cigarette smoker. If you are also a cannabis enthusiast, consider visiting Island Now to learn how can you pass a drug test.

What about the other type of marijuana user, though? How might you classify the person who doesn’t smoke marijuana for recreational use but instead smokes it for medicinal purposes?

Should marijuana be legal for both recreational use and medicinal use? Should only medical marijuana be legalized? Should all forms of marijuana be illegal?

No matter your stance on the topic, if you’re going to write a medical marijuana essay, it’s a good idea to gather some credible sources to support your paper. Learn more at Exhale Wellness. Visit http://www.bulkcannabis.cc/ if you want to explore cannabis products that you can order in Canada.

Here are 12 sources to help you get started with the research process.

12 Smart Sources to Support Your Medical Marijuana Essay

The broad topic of medical marijuana lends itself to all types of papers.

You don’t, however, have stick with the argument of whether medical marijuana should be legalized or the pros and cons of medical marijuana legalization (unless that’s actually your required assignment).

Consider different angles on the topic, such as whether children should use marijuana for medicinal purposes. Try writing about stories about marijuana use and how it has affected people (either positively or negatively).

In this type of paper, be sure to use examples from your research—unless, of course, you’re writing a narrative essay. Or you might look at medical marijuana from a scientific angle to examine its properties and varied uses for medicinal purposes.

No matter how you decide to narrow your topic for a medical marijuana essay, it helps to have a broad base of understanding.

In this post, I’ve included 12 marijuana legalization articles that provide some basic facts about the subject, discuss personal stories, examine medical marijuana for kids, and argue against legalization.

I’ve included a brief summary of each article and both an MLA 8 and APA citation to help you with documentation if you decide to use any of these sources in your medical marijuana essay. If you are looking for some of the best delta 8 brands, US Magazine will share their knowledge of the best delta-8 brands they finalized after doing extensive research.

Facts and Background Information About Medical Marijuana

Article #1: Medical Marijuana FAQ

WebMD publishes relatively basic, yet credible medical information, and this article provides an overview of medical marijuana. It includes information about how to obtain medical marijuana, where it’s legal, and how it can be used to treat various medical problems.

MLA 8 Citation

“Medical Marijuana FAQ.” WebMD, www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/medical-marijuana-faq#1.

APA Citation

Medical marijuana FAQ. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/medical-marijuana-faq#1

Article #2: Marijuana as Medicine

This article states that the marijuana plant is not considered medicine and isn’t legal. However, chemicals in the plant (called cannabinoids) are permitted in two FDA-approved medicines.

Because this article is published on a government website, it’s a credible website for a research essay.

MLA 8 Citation

“Marijuana as Medicine.” National Institute on Drug Abuse, www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana-medicine.

APA Citation

Marijuana as medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana-medicine

Article #3: Medical Marijuana in the U.S. – Statistics & Facts

Published by Statista, “…one of the leading statistics companies on the internet,” this resource includes a brief overview of medical marijuana. It includes a variety of statistics, such as the number of cannabis businesses in the United States, the average price of marijuana per gram, and in which states it’s legal to smoke marijuana.

MLA 8 Citation

“Medical Marijuana in the U.S. – Statistics & Facts.” Statista.com. www.statista.com/topics/3064/medical-marijuana-in-the-us/.

APA Citation

Medical marijuana in the U.S. – Statistics & facts.” (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/3064/medical-marijuana-in-the-us/

Personal Stories and Opinions About Marijuana Legalization

Article #4: Medical Marijuana: Planting Green to Make Green?

This editorial, written by the Bristol Herald Courier staff, encourages readers to consider whether marijuana legalization might be good for the Bristol, Virginia, area.

The writers suggest that legalization could bring new jobs to the area (while other manufacturing jobs are disappearing) and that legalization could also lead to a decrease in opioid-related deaths and overdoses.

MLA 8 Citation

“Medical Marijuana: Planting Green to Make Green?” Bristol Herald Courier, 21 Sep. 2017, www.heraldcourier.com/opinion/medical-marijuana-planting-green-to-make-green/article_2118a5c8-c1f7-5a3d-882d-9cadd2ca08d3.html.

APA Citation

Medical marijuana: Planting green to make green? (2017, September 21). Bristol Herald Courier. Retrieved from http://www.heraldcourier.com/opinion/medical-marijuana-planting-green-to-make-green/article_2118a5c8-c1f7-5a3d-882d-9cadd2ca08d3.html

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Article #5: Adventures in Medical Marijuana With My 80-Year-Old Mother

Page Barnes is keeping a journal to chronicle the journey that she and her mother travel as her mother faces a terminal lung cancer diagnosis. This article is Part II of the journal.

In the article, the writer talks about how she and her mother visit a dispensary seeking the cannabidiol recommended by her mother’s doctor. The article doesn’t advocate for or against marijuana legalization. It also doesn’t state whether her mother has been helped by the drug. This article merely describes their journey.

MLA 8 Citation

Barnes, Page. “Adventures in Medical Marijuana with My 80-Year-Old Mother.” HuffPost.com, Oath Inc., 19 Oct. 2017, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/adventures-in-medical-marijuana-with-my-80-year-old_us_59e8e14fe4b077c789918b5e.

APA Citation

Barnes, P. (2017). Adventures in medical marijuana with my 80-year-old mother. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/adventures-in-medical-marijuana-with-my-80-year-old_us_59e8e14fe4b077c789918b5e

Article #6: Medical Marijuana: A Personal Story, a Personal Tragedy

The writer of this article tells the story of Daryl Bertrand. Bertrand was diagnosed with degenerative disc disease in 2003.

After 18 months of continued suffering with traditional painkillers (which led to liver failure), Bertrand began growing cannabis to help with pain. After breaking his back in 2008 and having two surgeries, Bertrand continued his use of cannabis.

When Bertrand took his computer in for repairs after it contracted a virus, the computer repair company alerted the police about pictures of Bertrand’s marijuana plants found on the computer.

Police obtained a warrant and thought they would seize plants and shut down an illegal business. Bertrand and his wife eventually pleaded guilty to growing (not selling) marijuana, paid a fine, and were put on probation.

Both Bertrand and his wife struggled to find work, and he’s no longer able to grow or use cannabis. He argues that use of marijuana, for him, is not about recreation but about survival. He feels that the laws surrounding marijuana and its legalization are unjust.

MLA 8 Citation

Ventimiglia, Jack. “Medical Marijuana: A Personal Story, A Personal Tragedy.” Daily Star-Journal, NPG Printing, 18 Sep. 2014, www.dailystarjournal.com/news/local/medical-marijuana-a-personal-story-a-personal-tragedy/article_dd44543f-53ed-5f77-9b17-cb3151eacc64.html.

APA Citation

Ventimiglia, J. (2014, September 18). Medical marijuana: A personal story, a personal tragedy. Daily Star-Journal. Retrieved from http://www.dailystarjournal.com/news/local/medical-marijuana-a-personal-story-a-personal-tragedy/article_dd44543f-53ed-5f77-9b17-cb3151eacc64.html

Children and Medical Marijuana

Article #7: Pot Kids

Published by the respected news magazine Time, this article tells the story of several families who use medical marijuana to treat their children’s illnesses (generally epileptic seizures).

Though some doctors agree on the potential benefits of the drug, many are concerned that not all children are helped by the drug. Many doctors also worry that, because marijuana sales often aren’t strictly regulated, parents could be putting their children in danger.

This article also links to a short documentary about children and medical marijuana.

MLA 8 Citation

Pickert, Kate. “Pot Kids.” Time, 2017, www.time.com/pot-kids/.

APA Citation

Pickert, K. (2017). Pot kids. Time. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/pot-kids/

Article #8: Medical Marijuana for Kids?

This article highlights the cases of several children and their parents who have turned to marijuana when all other more conventional medicines have failed.

Even though some states allow medical marijuana, the federal government still doesn’t recognize marijuana as a legal drug. Some doctors, however, feel that the drug should be considered (on a case-by-case basis) to determine whether it would be not only safe but also beneficial for minors.

MLA 8 Citation

Swartz, Aimee. “Medical Marijuana for Kids?” The Scientist, 17 July 2013. www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/36576/title/Medical-Marijuana-for-Kids-/.

APA Citation

Swartz, A. (2013, July 17). Medical marijuana for kids? The Scientist. Retrieved from http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/36576/title/Medical-Marijuana-for-Kids-/

Article #9: Parents Demand Medical Marijuana for Epileptic Kids

Children who are using medical marijuana to help alleviate seizures are the focus of this article. Medical professionals aren’t in agreement as to whether cannabidiol (CBD) is safe and effective for children. But parents who have treated their epileptic children with medical marijuana advocate for legalization.

This article also links to several short videos and articles about the subject.

MLA 8 Citation

Talamo, Lex, Calah Kelley, and Nick Swyter. “Parents Demand Medical Marijuana for Epileptic Kids.” NBC.com, 18 Aug. 2015,  www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/parents-demand-medical-marijuana-epileptic-kids-n411186.

APA Citation

Talamo, L., Kelley, C., & Swyter, N. (2015). Parents demand medical marijuana for epileptic kids. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/parents-demand-medical-marijuana-epileptic-kids-n411186

Articles Against Medical Marijuana Legalization

Article #10: An Argument Against Legalizing Marijuana

Though the author of this opinion piece acknowledges that marijuana legalization would regulate the drug and possibly increase federal revenues, he ultimately argues against legalization.

His reasons for opposing legalization include the possibility of increased human costs, which include dependency and increased marijuana consumption.

MLA 8 Citation

Chapman, Robert J. “An Argument Against Legalizing Marijuana.” Higher Education Center, 18 Feb. 2016, www.hecaod.osu.edu/an-argument-against-legalizing-marijuana/.

APA Citation

Chapman, R. J. (2016). An argument against legalizing marijuana. Retrieved from http://www.hecaod.osu.edu/an-argument-against-legalizing-marijuana/

Article #11: Ten Reasons to Vote Against Medical Marijuana in Florida

This article explains 10 reasons that Kevin Sabet believes medical marijuana should not be legalized. Sabet is a University of Florida professor and the director of the drug policy institute at the university. Sabet is also co-founder and director of Smarter Approaches to Marijuana (SAM).

Among Sabet’s reasons for arguing against legalization are the potential risks to children as attitudes toward marijuana soften, the idea that other medical alternatives exist, and the fact that the petition (in Florida) wasn’t crafted by medical professionals.

MLA 8 Citation

Swanson, Jess. “Ten Reasons to Vote Against Medical Marijuana in Florida.” Broward Palm Beach New Times, 1 Apr. 2014, www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/ten-reasons-to-vote-against-medical-marijuana-in-florida-6448172.

APA Citation

Swanson, J. (2014, April 1). Ten reasons to vote against medical marijuana in Florida. Broward Palm Beach New Times. Retrieved from http://www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/ten-reasons-to-vote-against-medical-marijuana-in-florida-6448172

Stuck on Your Essay?

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Article #12: Pediatricians Oppose Medical Marijuana, With Some Exceptions

This article explains the stance of leading pediatricians regarding medical marijuana. They believe that, overall, the drug should not be legalized due to its potential risks.

The pediatricians do acknowledge, however, that in some instances the chemical compounds in marijuana may be used to successfully treat patients. They emphasize that further studies must be done.

MLA 8 Citation

Rettner, Rachael. “Pediatricians Oppose Medical Marijuana, with Some Exceptions.” LiveScience.com, 26 Jan. 2015, www.livescience.com/49565-marijuana-legalization-aap.html.

APA Citation

Rettner, R. (2015). Pediatricians oppose medical marijuana, with some exceptions. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/49565-marijuana-legalization-aap.html

Writing the Essay

Once you’ve narrowed your topic and have located sufficient sources to support your medical marijuana essay, it’s time to write your paper.

Here are two resources to help you put your ideas together.

• 6 Prewriting Strategies to Get Your Essay Rolling
• 7 Essay Outline Templates to Get Your Essay Going

Looking for a completed essay for inspiration? Check out these example medical marijuana essays from the Kibin database.

Finished with your essay but need a little more help with the finishing touches? Let the editors at Kibin review your work to help make sure it’s the best it can be.

No matter how many hours you work on your discrimination essay, if it isn’t good, your prof will let you know about it (no matter who you are).

How do you make sure your paper will make the grade?

Of course there are lots of ways to make your paper stand out, but two key aspects of any “A” paper are 1) a clear, narrowed focus and 2) solid evidence to support your claims.

First, consider your focus. Discrimination is a pretty broad topic. What aspect of discrimination will you focus on? You might write about age, pregnancy/maternity, sexual orientation, gender, religion, race, or disability discrimination.

Once you’ve decided on a focus, you’ll need solid evidence to support your ideas.

That’s where I come in. If you need a little help getting started with your research, here are 12 sources to support your discrimination essay.

Two keys parts of an “A” paper: 1) clear, narrowed focus and 2) evidence to support claims.
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12 Smart Sources to Support Your Discrimination Essay

I’ve divided this list of 12 sources into three categories: age discrimination, gender discrimination, and racial discrimination.

I’ve also included a brief description of each article, an MLA 8 and an APA citation for each source, a few writing suggestions, and several links to example papers.

4 Age Discrimination Sources

Article #1: The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

This page is the text of the 1967 act against age discrimination.

Fair warning: this is a government website with lots of technical and legal wording, so it’s not exactly a quick read. It is, however, a nice choice if you want to provide background information to help readers understand the law itself.

This is a government website, so it easily passes the CRAAP Test.

MLA 8 Citation

“The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967.” U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/adea.cfm.

APA Citation

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967. (n.d.). U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved from https://www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/adea.cfm

Article #2: The Ugly Truth About Age Discrimination

The writer of this article tells her own story of being denied a job interview simply because of her age. She also explains that age discrimination is even more prevalent today because the employment process quickly makes one’s work history evident.

To reduce age discrimination, the writer suggests going into interviews with confidence and discussing business with interviewers rather than simply answering questions. This means that, as a candidate, you become a trusted friend rather than simply a candidate.

Thinking that this would make a great narrowed topic but aren’t sure how to organize your ideas? Try writing a compare and contrast essay about different types of interview strategies and whether they will affect age discrimination.

MLA 8 Citation

Ryan, Liz. “The Ugly Truth About Age Discrimination.” Forbes, 30 Jan. 2014, www.forbes.com/sites/lizryan/2014/01/31/the-ugly-truth-about-age-discrimination/#65c16cae44e7.

APA Citation

Ryan, L. (2014, January 30). The ugly truth about age discrimination. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/lizryan/2014/01/31/the-ugly-truth-about-age-discrimination/#65c16cae44e7

Article #3: 10 Things You Should Know About Age Discrimination

Published by AARP, this article includes an overview of 10 things people should know about discrimination, such as the legalities involved in age discrimination, people’s views on age discrimination, and how to file charges if you’re a victim of discrimination.

MLA 8 Citation

Palmer, Kimberly. “10 Things You Should Know About Age Discrimination.” AARP, www.aarp.org/work/on-the-job/info-2017/age-discrimination-facts.html.

APA Citation

Palmer, Kimberly. (n.d.). 10 things you should know about age discrimination. Retrieved from https://www.aarp.org/work/on-the-job/info-2017/age-discrimination-facts.html

Article #4: Nearly 300 Have Joined Google Age Case

In short, this timely article discusses the fact that almost 300 people have joined a class action lawsuit against Google, claiming they faced age discrimination at work.

The article also contains the full text of the complete complaint. (Yes, this is another dry, wordy legal document, but don’t let that deter you. This can be an excellent resource when examining current cases and perhaps comparing and contrasting their merits.)

Want to read one writer’s analysis of age discrimination in the workplace? Read An Introduction to the Issue of Age Discrimination in Employment.

MLA 8 Citation

Elias, Jennifer. “Nearly 300 Have Joined Google Age Case.” Bizwomen, American City Business Journals, 9 Aug. 2017, www.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2017/08/nearly-300-have-joined-google-age-case.html.

APA Citation

Elias, J. (2017, August 9). Nearly 300 have joined Google age case. Bizwomen. Retrieved from https://www.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2017/08/nearly-300-have-joined-google-age-case.html

4 Gender Discrimination Sources 

Article #5: Sex Discrimination at Work

“Equal Rights Advocates (ERA) is a national civil rights organization dedicated to protecting and expanding economic and educational access and opportunities for women and girls.”

This article defines and offers examples of sex discrimination. It also provides information for those who feel that their rights have been violated.

This resource might be the perfect fit if you’re writing a process analysis essay as you can integrate the tips provided to illustrate the steps someone might take when facing discrimination.

MLA 8 Citation

“Sex Discrimination at Work.” Equal Rights Advocates,  www.equalrights.org/legal-help/know-your-rights/sex-discrimination-at-work/.

APA Citation

Equal Rights Advocates. (2015). Sex discrimination at work. Retrieved from https://www.equalrights.org/legal-help/know-your-rights/sex-discrimination-at-work/

Article #6: Could an Increase in Lawsuits End Sexism in Tech? Anita Hill Thinks So

Originally published by Business Insider, this article explains that famed lawyer Anita Hill feels the best way to end sexism in technology fields is for women to file class-action lawsuits if they face discrimination.

While Hill acknowledges the risks and barriers present in filing such suits, she also states that it’s important to bring the problem into the public eye.

Though this article focuses on sexism in US-based businesses, you may also consider writing about sexism in other countries. Check out An Introduction to the Issue of Sexism in the Workplace to learn more about sexism in the UK.

MLA 8 Citation

Peterson, Becky. “Could an Increase in Lawsuits End Sexism in Tech? Anita Hill Thinks So.” Yahoo! Finance, 10 Aug. 2017, finance.yahoo.com/news/could-increase-lawsuits-end-sexism-214100007.html.

APA Citation

Peterson, B. (2017). Could an increase in lawsuits end sexism in tech? Anita Hill thinks so. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/news/could-increase-lawsuits-end-sexism-214100007.html

Article #7: Google May Face Lawsuit Alleging Gender Discrimination

This Fox News article discusses a lawsuit filed by 60 women, both current and former employees of Google, who are claiming gender discrimination.

“The interviewed women told the attorney that they make roughly $40,000 less than their male counterparts working in the same position. One woman said her salary was two-thirds of a male colleague’s pay.”

If you’ve already done a fair amount of research on these types of lawsuits and want to argue the validity of the cases, brush up on your argument skills by reading How to Write a Winning Argument Essay.

MLA 8 Citation

Mikelionis, Lukas. “Google May Face Lawsuit Alleging Gender Discrimination.” Fox News, 9 Aug. 2017, www.foxnews.com/tech/2017/08/09/google-may-face-lawsuit-alleging-gender-discrimination.html.

APA Citation

Mikelionis, L. (2017). Google may face lawsuit alleging gender discrimination. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2017/08/09/google-may-face-lawsuit-alleging-gender-discrimination.html

Article #8: Gender Discrimination: U.S. Supreme Court Cases

If you’re writing about gender discrimination and are looking for background information to establish the fact that many lawsuits have been filed over the years, this site is for you. The initial list includes a case from 1974.

The information presented in this brief article is published by Find Law, which provides free legal information. The website also provides legal assistance and legal forms, and allows users to research basic legal information.

MLA 8 Citation

“Gender Discrimination: U.S. Supreme Court Cases.” Find Law, Thomson Reuters, civilrights.findlaw.com/discrimination/gender-discrimination-u-s-supreme-court-cases.html.

APA Citation

Gender discrimination: U.S. supreme court cases. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.civilrights.findlaw.com/discrimination/gender-discrimination-u-s-supreme-court-cases.html

4 Racial Discrimination Sources

Article #9: Racial Discrimination Case Against Annapolis Dismissed

Though people most often think of racial discrimination against minorities, this article, published by Capital Gazette of Annapolis, focuses on a white man’s claim of racial profiling and discrimination.

The case claims that the man who filed the lawsuit “…was stopped multiple times for being white and driving through or near predominately African-American and Hispanic neighborhoods.” His case was ultimately dismissed.

Interested in reading another opinion regarding reverse discrimination? Read this example essay about affirmative action.

MLA 8 Citation

Cook, Chase. “Racial Discrimination Case Against Annapolis Dismissed.” Capital Gazette, 10 Aug. 2017, www.capitalgazette.com/news/annapolis/ph-ac-cn-discrimination-case-0811-20170810-story.html.

APA Citation

Cook, C. (2017, August 10). Racial discrimination case against Annapolis dismissed. Capital Gazette. Retrieved from http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/annapolis/ph-ac-cn-discrimination-case-0811-20170810-story.html

Article #10: My Mexican Husband Was Accused of Trafficking Our Daughter on a United Flight

Published by the popular (and credible) news source HuffPost, this article explains one family’s ordeal after the father of a young girl was accused of trafficking his own daughter.

Because the father is Mexican and the mother is of Irish descent, the three-year-old has lighter skin. Sadly, the incident stemmed from an intoxicated passenger who originally made the claim.

The father, of course, was ultimately cleared of any wrongdoing (but only after a long, trying process that involved airline staff and police).

Trying to figure out a way to incorporate this source? You might consider explaining how a well-meaning comment can lead to a false accusation.

MLA 8 Citation

Furfey, Maura. “My Mexican Husband Was Accused of Trafficking Our Daughter on a United Flight.” HuffPost, 17 April 2017, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/my-mexican-husband-was-accused-of-trafficking-our-daughter_us_58f4adade4b01566972250cf”margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;”>Furfey, M. (2017). My Mexican husband was accused of trafficking our daughter on a united flight. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/my-mexican-husband-was-accused-of-trafficking-our-daughter_us_58f4adade4b01566972250cf”http://nypost.com/2017/04/26/mainstream-media-outlets-sued-for-racial-discrimination/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener noreferrer”>Lawyer Sues Times, CNN, Fox News for Racial Discrimination

Like some of the previous articles in this list, this article discusses current discrimination cases.

“A half-dozen people have filed suits against the New York Times and Fox News, while as many as 175 current and former employees have contacted lawyers about joining a class-action suit against CNN.”

Are you thinking that your discrimination essay might discuss a variety of cases, but you’re struggling to put it all together? Try an outline or another form of prewriting.

MLA 8 Citation

Jaeger, Max. “Lawyers Sue Times, Fox, CNN News for Racial Discrimination.” New York Post, 26 April 2017, www.nypost.com/2017/04/26/mainstream-media-outlets-sued-for-racial-discrimination/.

APA Citation

Jaeger, M. (2017, April 26). Lawyers sue Times, Fox, CNN news for racial discrimination. New York Post. Retrieved from http://www.nypost.com/2017/04/26/mainstream-media-outlets-sued-for-racial-discrimination/.

Article #12: Charlottesville Mayor Largely Blames Trump for White Supremacist Violence

This Yahoo! News article explains that the mayor of Charlottesville essentially blames Donald Trump for the violence that erupted in Charlottesville because of Trump’s presidential campaign.

The mayor claims that Trump courted white supremacists and anti-Semitic groups and failed to condemn their beliefs and violent acts.

This source is related to the larger discussion of discrimination and how violence against (and hatred of) other racial groups affects not only individuals, but society as a whole.

If you’d like to read more about white supremacists’ influence, take a look at An Analysis of the Effect of Racism Since Early Development of Society in the United States.

MLA 8 Citation

Stableford, Dylan. “Charlottesville Mayor Largely Blames Trump for White Supremacist Violence.” Yahoo! News, 13 Aug. 2017, www.yahoo.com/news/charlottesville-mayor-largely-blames-trump-white-supremacist-violence-175055166.html.

APA Citation

Stableford, D. (2017). Charlottesville mayor largely blames Trump for white supremacist violence.” Retrieved from https://www.yahoo.com/news/charlottesville-mayor-largely-blames-trump-white-supremacist-violence-175055166.html

Still Not Sure If Your Paper Stands Out?

We’ve all been there. We’ve researched and outlined and sweated our way to a draft of an essay, but when it’s done, we look at it in despair, knowing something just isn’t quite right.

If you’re feeling that way now, follow these suggestions to help improve your discrimination essay:

• Try a reverse outline. This can help you see whether your paragraphs contain enough support and whether your arguments are well-organized.
• Read 15 Ways to Improve Your Academic Writing. Sometimes it’s the little things that can hurt a paper in a big way. Review this article to review the conventions of academic writing.
• Make sure your writing isn’t biased. A biased paper can ruin your credibility. So re-read your draft, and eliminate any bias.
• Get help from a professional. There’s no shame in getting help from professional Kibin editors. After all, they are experts in their field and can help make your paper stand above the rest.

]]> https://www.kibin.com/essay-writing-blog/sources-support-discrimination-essay/feed/ 0 https://www.kibin.com/essay-writing-blog/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-technology/ https://www.kibin.com/essay-writing-blog/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-technology/#respond Thu, 25 Jan 2018 01:00:52 +0000 https://www.kibin.com/blog/?post_type=essay-writing-blog&p=5817 Read more "10 Sources on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology to Support Your Essay"]]> Most of us think technology is pretty awesome—that is, until you go on a late-night fast food run and the drive-thru voice tells you that the credit card machine is down (and of course you have no cash to pay for your burger and fries).

Or maybe technology is great because you can take an online class, but it isn’t so great when none of your devices will connect to the internet, you can’t turn in your final exam, and your prof doesn’t accept computer or internet problems as an excuse for missed exams

In other words, technology is fabulous when everything runs smoothly but sucks when it doesn’t work the way you want it to.

Personal stories of tech fails might be perfect examples to help support a personal blog or an opinion essay about the advantages and disadvantages of technology. But if you’re writing a research paper, you’ll need more than personal anecdotes as support for your essay.

So if you’re ready to tackle the topic, here are 10 articles to get you started.

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In a research paper, you’ll need more than personal anecdotes as support for your essay.
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10 Sources on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology to Support Your Essay

If you’re writing about advantages and disadvantages of tech, don’t start writing about the first thing that pops into your mind. While this might be an excellent prewriting strategy, it’s not the smartest strategy to begin your actual paper.

Why? Because the topic is too broad.

Think about how long your list might be if you start writing about all the advantages and disadvantages you can think of. (That was a hint: start prewriting by making a list!)

Once you have a list, try grouping ideas together to focus and narrow your topic. Do you have several points about school, music, medicine, transportation, or commerce? If so, one of these might be the perfect topic for your paper.

In my list below, I’ve divided the articles into three categories: education, the workplace, and health care. Even if you’ve chosen to write about a different focus, don’t automatically dismiss these resources.

Remember, topics can overlap, so health care and the workplace might overlap with each other and with commerce.

Within this list, I’ve also included lots of other useful resources, such as summaries, essay suggestions, links to example papers, and entries for APA reference lists and MLA 8 Works Cited pages.

4 Articles on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in Education

Article #1: The Disadvantages of Computers in Education

Published by an online-only Seattle newspaper, this article highlights disadvantages of computers in education and learning, including technology problems, handwriting and spelling skills, cheating, and financial concerns.

This article is brief and includes a list of items without a lot of detail. Because there isn’t a lot of detail provided, you might use this source for some basic information to help you focus more specifically on how technology affects education.

Both “education” and “technology” are pretty broad terms, but this article mentions low-income students and computer problems.

Thus, you might focus your paper solely on the problems low-income students might face or on how students might be forced to grapple with computer problems inside and outside of the classroom.

Think you won’t have enough to say about the topic if you narrow it? Check out Pearson, Amy. “The Disadvantages of Computers in Education.” Seattle Pi, Hearst Seattle Media, education.seattlepi.com/disadvantages-computers-education-1390.html.

APA Citation

Pearson, A. (n.d.). The disadvantages of computers in education. Retrieved from http://education.seattlepi.com/disadvantages-computers-education-1390.html

Article #2: Does Technology Belong in Classroom Instruction?

Published in the widely respected and credible Wall Street Journal, this article explores the role of technology in the classroom through two opposing views. The opposing viewpoints laid out could help you form a strong thesis for an argumentative essay.

In favor of tech in the classroom, published author Lisa Nielson works for the NYC Department of Education as its director of digital engagement and professional learning.

Nielson argues that technology improves education and lets student learn more creatively and in ways that aren’t possible without technology.

On the opposing side is José Antonio Bowen, the president of Goucher College and author of a book about taking technology out of the classroom. He argues against having too much tech in the classroom.

He thinks too much tech in the classroom makes it harder for students to focus, turns them into lazy thinkers, and effectively makes them less smart. He says, “Computers can teach us much about human knowledge, but they can’t teach us how to be human. Our phones are not really smart, and they can’t teach us how to be smart.”

This article includes a lot of information and opinion on both sides of the issue, so you could also use it to help narrow your focus. Since it highlights both positives and negatives, you might even decide that a pros and cons essay works best for your assignment.

MLA 8 Citation

“Does Technology Belong in Classroom Instruction?” Wall Street Journal, 10 May 2015, www.wsj.com/articles/does-technology-belong-in-classroom-instruction-1431100454.

APA Citation

Does technology belong in classroom instruction? (2015, May 10). Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/does-technology-belong-in-classroom-instruction-1431100454

Article #3: Technology in Education: An Overview

Published by the journal Education Week, this article includes a discussion of how technology is being used in the classroom and how it’s evolving. This article also links to a set of videos about the subject (also created by Education Week).

Because technology permeates seemingly every part of education today, this article can provide some solid background for your paper to help your audience understand the prominence (and importance) of technology in our school systems.

Want even more ideas about how technology is used in the classroom? Read the example essay The Impact of Technology on the Evolution of Education.

MLA 8 Citation

Herold, Benjamin. Editorial Projects in Education Research Center. Issues A-Z: Technology in Education: An Overview. Education Week, Editorial Projects in Education, 5 Feb. 2016, www.edweek.org/ew/issues/technology-in-education/.

APA Citation

Herold, B. (2016, February 5).Technology in education: An overview. Education Week. Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/technology-in-education/

Article #4: The Effects of Integrating Mobile Devices With Teaching and Learning on Students’ Learning Performance: A Meta-analysis and Research Synthesis

You can tell by the title of this article that it means business. This is a scholarly article originally published in the journal Computers & Education. 

The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of using mobile devices in learning. The authors conclude that individuals learned more effectively using laptops rather than the smaller, hand-held mobile devices.

If you’re looking for more scholarly articles like this one, check out 5 Best Resources to Help with Writing a Research Paper.

MLA 8 Citation

Sung,Yao-Ting, et al. “The Effects of Integrating Mobile Devices with Teaching and Learning on Students’ Learning Performance: A Meta-Analysis and Research Synthesis.” Computers & Education, vol. 94, 2016, pp. 252–75, doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.008.

APA Citation

Sung, Y., Chang, K., & Liu, T. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students’ learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers & Education, 94, 252–275. doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.008

3 Articles on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace

Article #5: 4 Ways to Use Technology in the Workplace to Motivate Employees

Directed at business managers, this article provides four ways to motivate workers. Tech in the workplace can increase collaboration, help managers review performance, provide feedback, and facilitate mobile learning.

If you’re focusing on motivating employees, you might argue why a specific type of tech motivation is the most effective. You might also examine various types of tech motivation techniques to compare and contrast the most effective strategies.

MLA 8 Citation

Straz, Matt. “4 Ways to Use Technology in the Workplace to Motivate Employees.” Entrepreneur, 23 Feb. 2015, www.entrepreneur.com/article/242961.

APA Citation

Straz, M. (2015, February 23). 4 ways to use technology in the workplace to motivate employees. Entrepreneur. Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/242961

Article #6: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace

Included in this article are five advantages and five disadvantages of tech on the job. One of the more unique disadvantages mentioned in this article is the idea that technology can make employees lazy.

Remember what I mentioned earlier about overlapping topics? (Hint: see Article #2.) You might use this source to support the idea that technology can make people lazy in various aspects of their lives: at work, at school, or in relationships.

MLA 8 Citation

Ramey, Karehka. “The Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace.” Use of Technology, 25 Feb. 2013, www.useoftechnology.com/technology-workplace-2/.

APA Citation

Ramey, K. (2013). The advantages and disadvantages of technology in the workplace. Use of Technology. Retrieved from http://www.useoftechnology.com/technology-workplace-2/

Stuck on Your Essay?

Check out thousands of example essays.

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Article #7: Technology’s Impact on Workers

Published by the respected Pew Research Center, this article reports the result of a study indicating that, although employers often fear technology will create distractions in the workplace, employees generally feel that they’re more productive with technology.

Workers also report that cellphones and the internet are the top technology tools needed to effectively do their jobs and that they often feel like they’re working more because of these tools.

Looking for another viewpoint on technology in the workplace? Check out this example essay.

MLA 8 Citation

Purcell, Kristen, and Lee Rainie. “Technology’s Impact on Workers.” Pew Research Center, 30 Dec. 2014, www.pewinternet.org/2014/12/30/technologys-impact-on-workers/.

APA Citation

Purcell, K., & Rainie, L. (2014). Technology’s impact on workers. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/12/30/technologys-impact-on-workers/

3 Articles on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in Health Care

Article #8: Technology and the Future of Mental Health Treatment

This article focuses on mobile technology and the benefits and drawbacks on mental health treatment. A few of the listed benefits include convenience, anonymity, and 24-hour care. A few of the listed drawbacks include questions of effectiveness, privacy, and regulations.

A discussion of various health-related apps and links to additional resources are also included.

This article is published by The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), which is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This government website easily passes the CRAAP Test.

MLA 8 Citation

“Technology and the Future of Mental Health Treatment.” National Institute of Mental Health, Feb. 2017, www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/technology-and-the-future-of-mental-health-treatment/index.shtml.

APA Citation

Technology and the future of mental health treatment. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/technology-and-the-future-of-mental-health-treatment/index.shtml

Article #9: Online Counseling: Pros and Cons

This article provides a list of benefits and drawbacks to online counseling and is geared toward young people, who are more likely to turn to technology to get help with mental health concerns.

Benefits include accessibility, affordability, and anonymity. Drawbacks include effectiveness, ethical concerns, and lack of verbal and nonverbal cues.

This article also lists national services—such as Lifeline, Kids Helpline, Suicide Call Back Service, and Headspace—that have included online counseling in their services.

If you’re focusing on online counseling, here are just a few potential options:

• A compare and contrast essay to compare the effectiveness of various online services.
• A pros and cons essay to discusses various key points about online counseling.
• An opinion essay about online counseling if you’ve ever used the services.

(Need help with making an outline? Read 7 Essay Outline Templates to Get Your Essay Going.)

MLA 8 Citation

“Online Counseling: Pros and Cons.” ReachOut.com schools.au.reachout.com/articles/online-counselling-pros-and-cons.

APA Citation

Online counseling: Pros and cons. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://schools.au.reachout.com/articles/online-counselling-pros-and-cons

Article #10: Health IT Poses Advantages and Disadvantages to Underserved Populations

This article states that, while health IT can assist underserved populations by creating cheaper, more efficient services, it can also be a barrier for some populations, such as immigrants who fear giving out their personal information.

The article also includes links to additional articles about health and technology.

Read more about health IT applications in this example essay.

MLA 8 Citation

“Health IT Poses Advantages and Disadvantages to Underserved Populations.” TeraMedica, FUJIFILM Medical Systems, 26 Feb. 2013, www.teramedica.com/news/industry-news/emrs/health-it-poses-advantages-and-disadvantages-to-underserved-populations.

APA Citation

Health IT poses advantages and disadvantages to underserved populations. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.teramedica.com/news/industry-news/emrs/health-it-poses-advantages-and-disadvantages-to-underserved-populations

Use Technology to Your Advantage

If these 10 articles don’t provide all the evidence you need to support your essay, check out these additional resources:

• 20 Technology Addiction Articles to Support Your Persuasive Essay
• Effects of Video Games: 15 Articles for a Compelling Essay

For help with the basics of essay writing, check out these articles:

• How to Write an Essay Introduction in 3 Easy Steps
• How to Write a Thesis Statement in 5 Simple Steps
• How to Write a Killer Essay Conclusion

Finally, be sure to take advantage of one important advantage of technology and education: online editing. Submit your paper to let Kibin editors help you revise.

Add up the number of hours you spend each week on Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat, and other social media sites.

Now add to that the number of hours each week you spend surfing the web, playing video games, or completing some other online task on your laptop, tablet, or phone.

Are you afraid to add up all those hours because your answer might be, “More hours than I’d ever care to admit”? If so, you’re not alone. Many people seem to be addicted to tech. Others, however, say that technology addiction isn’t a real addiction.

It’s a rather recent but ongoing debate. And because it’s such a relevant and debatable topic, technology addiction makes a fine topic for a persuasive essay.

Now that you’ve chosen to write about technology addiction, it’s time to do your research! This post contains 20 technology addiction articles to support your persuasive essay.

Choosing the Right Technology Addiction Articles to Support Your Persuasive Essay

Finding articles to support your persuasive essay is easy. Finding the right articles to support your persuasive essay is a bit more challenging.

It can be tempting to simply use the first five results from your “technology addiction” Google search, but the first few sources in a list of search results aren’t always the best.

The top five results may be good sources, but you don’t know until you take the time to evaluate them. Read How to Apply the CRAAP Test to Your Essay Sources to learn how to tell whether a source is credible and appropriate for your persuasive essay.

Still looking for a source of inspiration for your technology addiction persuasive paper? Keep reading!

20 Technology Addiction Articles to Support Your Persuasive Essay

I’ve included a summary of each article and MLA 8 and APA citations you can use on your Works Cited or References page, respectively. (Don’t forget to cite articles using in-text citations too!)

I’ve also included links to a few example essays so that you can see what other writers have written about the topic.

Are We Addicted to Technology?

1. Are You Addicted to Technology?

This article provides a broad overview of varied forms of technology addiction, how people become addicted, and how people might treat an addiction to technology.

This article is published on the website Everyday Health, which is certified by Health on the Net (HON), a nonprofit Swiss organization that reviews online medical information.

Because the article is not only reviewed by an MD but also certified by HON, the information can be considered credible.

MLA 8 Citation

Scott, Jennifer A. “Are You Addicted to Technology?” EverydayHealth.com, 9 Oct. 2014, www.everydayhealth.com/news/are-you-addicted-technology/.

APA Citation

Scott, J. A. (2014). Are you addicted to technology? Retrieved from http://www.everydayhealth.com/news/are-you-addicted-technology/

2. Technology Addiction Test

If you’re not sure if you’re addicted to technology, you can take this quick 10-question quiz to assess your technology use and possible addiction.

This quiz is useful not only to see if you’re addicted to technology but also to possibly inspire you to conduct your own original research about technology addiction to support your persuasive essay.

Learn more about writing survey questions by reading How to Write Perfect Survey Questions for Your Paper.

MLA 8 Citation

“Technology Addiction Test.” Nightingale Hospital, www.nightingalehospital.co.uk/test/technology-addiction-test/.

APA Citation

Technology addiction test. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nightingalehospital.co.uk/test/technology-addiction-test/

3. Late-Night Screen Time Puts Teens’ Sleep and Mental Health at Risk

Approximately 50% of teens report being addicted to their smartphones and end up putting their mental health at risk due to excessive use of technology.

This article, published by CBS News, suggests that parents teach children good technology habits and lead by example to help children establish technology boundaries.

MLA 8 Citation

“Late-night Screen Time Puts Teens’ Sleep and Mental Health at Risk.” CBS News, 3 July 2017, www.cbsnews.com/news/late-night-cell-phone-screen-time-teens-mental-health-sleep/.

APA Citation

Late-night screen time puts teens’ sleep and mental health at rIsk. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/late-night-cell-phone-screen-time-teens-mental-health-sleep/

4. Hooked on Your Phone?

Published by the well-respected CBS News and a 60 Minutes broadcast, this article and corresponding video discuss people’s addictions to cellphones and the anxiety they feel when they’re away from their phones.

Reporter Anderson Cooper also examines his own cellphone use.

Check out the example essay, The Factors Contributing to the Addiction to Technology to read more about why some people may become addicted to technology.

MLA 8 Citation

McCandless, Brit. “Hooked on Your Phone?” CBS News, 11 June 2017, www.cbsnews.com/news/hooked-on-phones/.

APA Citation

McCandless, B. (2017). Hooked on your phone? Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/hooked-on-phones/

A relevant and debatable topic, technology addiction is the perfect topic for a persuasive essay.
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5. What Does It Mean to Have a Technology or Video Game Addiction?

Contained in this Healthline article are several sections to help readers identify and define technology addiction (and different types of tech addiction). It also includes a list of symptoms of tech addiction and ways to treat addiction.

The end of the article includes a variety of resources for those suffering from addiction. If you’re writing an essay to try to persuade someone to break an addiction, including some of these resources might prove to be a key point of your paper.

Note: When you’re analyzing a source to determine whether it’s appropriate for your paper, always check to see if the article cites its sources. This article increases its credibility by including a list of resources.

Healthline also uses a professional medical review board to review all articles for accuracy, which gives the site’s content even more credibility.

MLA 8 Citation

“What Does It Mean to Have a Technology or Video Game Addiction?” Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/addiction/gaming-and-technology#overview1.

APA Citation

What does it mean to have a technology or video game addiction? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.healthline.com/health/addiction/gaming-and-technology#overview1

Stuck on Your Persuasive Essay?

Check out these example persuasive essays.

Yes! Show me examples.

6. Is Internet Addiction a Real Thing?

This article provides an overview of Marc Potenza’s work on Internet addiction.

Potenza, a psychiatrist at Yale and the director of the school’s Program for Research on Impulsivity and Impulse Control Disorders, has studied and treated various forms of addiction for over 20 years.

MLA 8 Citation

Konnikova, Maria. “Is Internet Addiction a Real Thing?” The New Yorker,  Condé Nast, 26 Nov. 2014, www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/internet-addiction-real-thing.

APA Citation

Konnikova, M. (2014, November 26). Is Internet addiction a real thing? The New Yorker. Retrieved from http://www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/internet-addiction-real-thing

7. What Is “Brain Hacking”? Tech Insiders on Why You Should Care

In this 60 Minutes transcript, Anderson Cooper interviews a former Google project manager who explains the ways in which companies design technology to keep people addicted to their phones.

MLA 8 Citation

Cooper, Anderson. “What Is ‘Brain Hacking’? Tech Insiders on Why You Should Care.” CBS News, 9 April 2017, www.cbsnews.com/news/brain-hacking-tech-insiders-60-minutes/.

APA Citation

Cooper, A. (2017). What is “brain hacking”? Tech insiders on why you should care. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/brain-hacking-tech-insiders-60-minutes/

The Evidence and Cost of Technology Addiction

8. Confessions of a Technology Addict

This article reports the results of a study of 200 University of Maryland students who were asked to abstain from social media for 24 hours. Students reported feeling isolated and as though the situation was unbearable. They also admitted to being addicted to their devices.

The author also alludes to his own technology addictions and suggests that people take a break from technology to actually enjoy the world for awhile (sans screens).

Interested in other ways in which people are affected by excessive use of technology? Check out this example paper about Internet addiction.

MLA 8 Citation

Kinchlow, Caleb. “Confessions of a Technology Addict.” HuffPost, 5 July 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/caleb-kinchlow/confessions-of-a-technolo_b_10823314.html.

APA Citation

Kinchlow, C. (2016). Confessions of a technology addict. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/caleb-kinchlow/confessions-of-a-technolo_b_10823314.html

9. We’re Losing a Whole Generation of Young Men to Video Games

If you’ve ever participated in a marathon gaming session, you might be able relate to this timely New York Post article. It examines excessive video game playing, how it turns into addiction, and how it can have detrimental effects on people’s careers and personal lives.

MLA 8 Citation

Smith, Kyle. “We’re Losing a Whole Generation of Young Men to Video Games.” New York Post, NYP Holdings, 8 July 2017,  www.nypost.com/2017/07/08/were-losing-a-whole-generation-of-young-men-to-video-games/amp/.

APA Citation

Smith, K. (2017, July 8). We’re losing a whole generation of young men to video games. New York Post. Retrieved from http:/www.nypost.com/2017/07/08/were-losing-a-whole-generation-of-young-men-to-video-games/amp/

10. Our Addiction to Technology Is Like A Drug High—But We Can Fix It

Writer Travis Murdock states, “We are a nation of ‘digiholics,’ and the chaos and confusion that have permeated our lives as a result of our technology addiction is debilitating and disruptive to our professional and personal well-being.”

Murdock also states that businesses lose productivity due to distracted workers and that people experience what amounts to drug highs through constant technology interaction.

This article offers several suggestions to help people “detox” from technology and interact in healthier ways (both on- and offline).

Read the example essay The Negative Effects of Information Overload in Humans to learn more about how people are affected by technology overload.

MLA 8 Citation

Murdock, Travis. “Our Addiction to Technology Is Like A Drug High—But We Can Fix It.” Business Insider, 13 April 2016, www.businessinsider.com/the-cost-of-technology-addiction-2016-4.

APA Citation

Murdock, T. (2016). Our addiction to technology is like a drug high—but we can fix it. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/the-cost-of-technology-addiction-2016-4

11. Excessive Playing of Candy Crush Ruptures Man’s Tendon, Fuels Addiction Concerns

Though brief, this article describes a seemingly clear-cut case of gaming addiction and discusses the case of a 29-year-old man who required surgery on his thumb after he spent 6–8 weeks constantly playing Candy Crush.

The article also includes five warning signs of gaming and Internet addiction.

MLA 8 Citation

Mason, Lacey. “Excessive Playing of Candy Crush Ruptures Man’s Tendon, Fuels Addiction Concerns.” WTOP, 14 April 2015, www.wtop.com/tech/2015/04/excessive-playing-of-candy-crush-ruptures-mans-tendon-fuels-addiction-concerns/.

APA Citation

Mason, L. (2015). Excessive playing of Candy Crush ruptures man’s tendon, fuels addiction concerns. Retrieved from http://www.wtop.com/tech/2015/04/excessive-playing-of-candy-crush-ruptures-mans-tendon-fuels-addiction-concerns/

12. Student “Addiction” to Technology “Similar to Drug Cravings,” Study Finds

Though this article is a bit older, it reports the results of a study of 17- to 23-year-old students where “nearly four in five students had significant mental and physical distress, panic, confusion and extreme isolation when forced to unplug from technology for an entire day.”

Students reported (among other things) feeling depressed, lonely, anxious, and even paranoid. They also struggled to go 24 hours without media.

The article also links to several articles related to technology addiction.

MLA 8 Citation

Hough, Andrew. “Student ‘Addiction’ to Technology ‘Similar to Drug Cravings,’ Study Finds.” The Telegraph, 8 April 2011, www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8436831/Student-addiction-to-technology-similar-to-drug-cravings-study-finds.html.

APA Citation

Hough, A. (2011, April 8). Student “addiction” to technology “similar to drug cravings,” study finds. The Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8436831/Student-addiction-to-technology-similar-to-drug-cravings-study-finds.html

Stuck on Your Persuasive Essay?

Check out these example persuasive essays.

Yes! Show me examples.

13. Tech Expert Sherry Turkle Says Smartphone Addiction Makes Us Want to Talk Less

Turkle argues that people have difficulty being alone with their thoughts due to the constant “always on” of cellphones. She states that people continually check their phones to stay connected with others and often focus more on media than their current surroundings.

Turkle’s research even found that college students often show less empathy as they’re used to communicating digitally rather than face to face.

One student stated (in regard to real conversation), “I’ll tell you what’s wrong with conversation,” he said. “It happens in real time, and you can’t control what you’re going to say. And there’s no app for that.”

MLA 8 Citation

Cho, Janet H. “Tech Expert Sherry Turkle Says Smartphone Addiction Makes Us Want to Talk Less.” Cleveland.com, Advance Ohio, 16 March 2015, www.cleveland.com/business/index.ssf/2015/04/how_smartphones_make _us_flee_from_conversations_and_want_to_talk_less_according_to _technology_expert_sherry_turkle.html.

APA Citation

Cho, J. H. (2015). Tech expert Sherry Turkle says smartphone addiction makes us want to talk less. Retrieved from http://www.cleveland.com/business/index.ssf/2015/04/how_smartphones _make_us_flee_from_conversations_and_want_to_talk_less _according_to_technology_expert_sherry_turkle.html

14. Digital Addiction: The Social Cost of Constant Mobile Connection

This article reports that people feel excitement and anticipation when checking digital communications. It also warns that this behavior can become habit forming, ultimately distracting users from other, more important tasks.

The Irish Times was first published in 1859, and this established news source is still considered a trustworthy newspaper.

MLA 8 Citation

Holden, John. “Digital Addiction: The Social Cost of Constant Mobile Connection.” The Irish Times, 16 April 2015, www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/digital-addiction-the-social-cost-of-constant-mobile-connection-1.2176986.

APA Citation

Holden, J. (2015, April 16). Digital addiction: The social cost of constant mobile connection. The Irish Times. Retrieved from http://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/digital-addiction-the-social-cost-of-constant-mobile-connection-1.2176986

15. We Spend More Time Watching Netflix Than With Our Friends

As the title of this article indicates, people spend more time with streaming media than socializing with people.

According to the article, “A new data analysis suggests we spend more time watching Netflix in a day than we do socializing, exercising and reading combined. The technology website Cord Cutting analyzed reports from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ American Time Use survey and from Netflix about its user behavior. Among the discoveries: Americans spend, on average, over an hour more per day with the streaming service than doing other leisure activities.”

MLA 8 Citation

Holmes, Lindsay. “We Spend More Time Watching Netflix Than With Our Friends.” HuffPost, 17 May, 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/netflix-time-use-data_us_573a03bce4b077d4d6f39e4e.

APA Citation

Holmes, L. (2016). We spend more time watching Netflix than with our friends. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/netflix-time-use-data_us_573a03bce4b077d4d6f39e4e

16. Smartphone Addiction

“Nomophobia—fear of being without your smartphone—affects 40% of the population.”

This Psychology Today article reports that many people are almost always within a few feet of their smartphones and feel panic, fear, and other withdrawal symptoms when separated from their phones.

Some individuals seemingly cannot be away from the technology and report using their phones during sex, in the shower, and while driving.

Included in the article are warning signs of smartphone addiction and ways to help break the addiction.

MLA 8 Citation

Archer, Dale. “Smartphone Addiction.” Psychology Today, Sussex, 25 July 2013, www.psychologytoday.com/blog/reading-between-the-headlines/201307/smartphone-addiction.

APA Citation

Archer, D. (2013, July 25). Smartphone addiction [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/reading-between-the-headlines/201307/smartphone-addiction

17. Looking Through the Screen

This article is written by a 17-year-old high school student, so it may not be appropriate if only scholarly research articles are required for your paper.

The article does, however, provide a teen’s perspective on smartphone addiction and, thus, offers a unique insight into the problem.

MLA 8 Citation

Barlas, Meral. “Looking Through the Screen.” HuffPost, 8 Oct. 2014, www.huffingtonpost.com/meral-barlas/technology-addiction_b_5646566.html.

APA Citation

Barlas, M. (2014). Looking through the screen. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/meral-barlas/technology-addiction_b_5646566.html

18. Cellphone Vibration Syndrome and Other Signs of Tech Addiction

This article examines cellphone vibration syndrome (the feeling that your phone is vibrating in your pocket when you haven’t received a text or call). The syndrome is increasingly common, but it doesn’t necessarily mean that anyone who experiences it is a tech addict.

The article uses a Q&A format to examine a variety of concerns about what constitutes addiction to technology and how to lessen technology’s hold on people’s lives.

MLA 8 Citation

Thibodeau, Patrick. “Cellphone Vibration Syndrome and Other Signs of Tech Addiction.” Computerworld, IDG Communications, 24 May 2012, www.computerworld.com/article/2504472/smartphones/cellphone-vibration-syndrome-and-other-signs-of-tech-addiction.html.

APA Citation

Thibodeau, P. (2012). Cellphone vibration syndrome and other signs of tech addiction. Retrieved from  http://www.computerworld.com/article/2504472/smartphones/cellphone-vibration-syndrome-and-other-signs-of-tech-addiction.html

Treating Technology Addiction

19. What Parents Need to Know About Technology Addiction

Published by Common Sense Media, this article highlights key findings of the site’s recent study about technology addiction. Results indicate that almost half of teens polled felt they were addicted to their mobile devices.

The article also explains that excessive use of technology can be harmful and provides parents with tips to help their teens manage technology.

MLA 8 Citation

Robb, Michael. “What Parents Need to Know About Technology Addiction.” Common Sense Media, 2 May 2016, www.commonsensemedia.org/blog/what-parents-need-to-know-about-technology-addiction.

APA Citation

Robb, M. (2016, May 2). What parents need to know about technology addiction [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.commonsensemedia.org/blog/what-parents-need-to-know-about-technology-addiction

20. Technology Addiction—Detection, Treatment, and Control

As described in the title, this article offers a list for parents to help them identify whether their child is addicted to technology, suggestions to control technology use, and tips for treatment.

MLA 8 Citation

“Technology Addiction—Detection, Treatment, and Control.” NoBullying.com, 22 Dec. 2015, nobullying.com/technology-addiction-detection-treatment-and-control/.

APA Citation

Technology addiction—detection, treatment, and control. (2015). Retreived from http://nobullying.com/technology-addiction-detection-treatment-and-control/

Looking for Even More Information for Your Technology Addiction Essay?

Even though this is a pretty detailed list of technology addiction articles, you may not find all the information you need for your paper in these 20 sources.

If you’re looking for information that you just can’t find in the sources I’ve included, you’ll need to do more research. I know that sounds dreadful, but you don’t have to leave your desk (or your couch) to do so. That eases the pain of research just a little bit, doesn’t it?

So how do you complete more research from your couch? Read 5 Best Sources to Help with Writing a Research Paper to learn how.

Completed your research but need more help with writing the essay? Take a look at these helpful resources:

• How to Write a Persuasive Essay That’s Convincing
• 2 Persuasive Essay Examples That Pack a Punch
• 6 Prewriting Strategies to Get Your Essay Rolling

Need even more inspiration? Check out these additional example essays on technology addiction.

Use these technology addiction articles, and any other sources you find, and you’ll be on your way to a top-notch persuasive paper.

After you write your persuasive essay, don’t forget to have one of our Kibin editors help you with the finishing touches!

Stuck on Your Persuasive Essay?

check out these example essays

Yes! Show me examples.

• How many social media sites do you use regularly?
• How many times per week do you log in to a social media site?
• How many hours per week do you spend on social media?

I’m guessing that, for some of you, the numbers are pretty high.

If you’re writing an argument paper about social media, you might be inclined to argue the positive aspects of social media.

If you’re one of those people who shuns social media and can’t stand the thought of another political Tweet, you might be more inclined to argue its negative aspects.

No matter how you feel about social media, if you’re writing an argumentative essay, you’ll need evidence (from sources) to support your claims.

Writing an argumentative essay? You’ll need evidence (from sources) to support your claims.
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Here are 12 social media articles to get you started with your research.

For each of the 12 articles, I’ve included a brief summary as well as citations for both MLA 8 and APA documentation. I’ve even included a few sample essays to inspire your own writing.

3 Social Media Articles About Teens and Social Media

1. Teens: This Is How Social Media Affects Your Brain

Published by CNN, this article explains that reward centers in teens’ brains were activated when they saw “likes” associated with their photos. Because teens are social and more likely to be influenced by peers, they are more susceptible to influences of social media.

Research also indicates that both teens and adults who use social media learn new skills—thus, their brains change. The article reports that the change is neither good nor bad. It’s simply an adaptation.

MLA 8 Citation

East, Susie. “Teens: This is How Social Media Affects Your Brain.” CNN, 1 Aug. 2016, www.cnn.com/2016/07/12/health/social-media-brain/index.html.

APA Citation

East, S. (2016). Teens: This is how social media affects your brain. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/12/health/social-media-brain/index.html

2. February 2016: Teens’ Social Media Use: How They Connect & What It Means for Health

This article is filled with statistics that illustrate how teens participate in social media. For instance, 94% of teens who go online use a mobile device to access the Internet, and 71% of teens use social media sites.

The article also mentions risks of social media use and includes links to help teens use social media more responsibly.

This article is published by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services and easily passes the CRAAP Test.

Interested in seeing how one writer examined the positive and negative effects of social media? Check out The Direct Positive and Negative Influence of Online Social Networks on Their Users.

MLA 8 Citation

“February 2016: Teens’ Social Media Use: How They Connect & What It Means for Health.” HHS.gov, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Feb. 2016, www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/news/e-updates/february-2016-teens-social-media-use/index.html.

APA Citation

February 2016: Teens’ social media use: How they connect & what it means for health. (2016). Retrieved from https://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/news/e-updates/february-2016-teens-social-media-use/index.html

3. Study Examines Suicides Publicized on Social Media and Teens’ ER Visits

The results of this study suggest “…that despite provincial funding initiatives and anti-bullying campaigns, ER visits for suicidal behavior in Ontario, Canada have been increasing among adolescents for the last five years. However, this increase should not necessarily be attributed to social media and future research should focus on elucidating other reasons for this worrisome trend.”

In other words, this study couldn’t establish a direct link between publicized deaths on social media and teens’ suicidal thoughts or visits to the ER.

MLA 8 Citation

American Academy of Pediatrics. “Study Examines Suicides Publicized on Social Media and Teens’ ER Visits.” MedicalXPress, 21 Oct. 2016, medicalxpress.com/news/2016-10-suicides-social-media-teens-er.html.

APA Citation

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2016). Study examines suicides publicized on social media and teens’ ER visits. Retrieved from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2016-10-suicides-social-media-teens-er.html

3 Social Media Articles About Politics and Social Media

4. The Political Environment on Social Media

According to a 2016 PEW Research Center study, most people were “worn out” by political news on social media and often felt frustrated with social media discussions about politics with friends and family.

The article contains numerous statistics. It also includes information about political content, tone, and political engagement on social media.

MLA 8 Citation

Duggan, Maeve and Aaron Smith. “The Political Environment on Social Media.” Pew Research Center, 25 Oct. 2016, www.pewinternet.org/2016/10/25/the-political-environment-on-social-media/.

APA Citation

Duggan, M., & Smith, A. (2016). The political environment on social media. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/10/25/the-political-environment-on-social-media/

5. Is Social Media to Blame for Political Polarization in America?

Published by the well-respected U.S. News & World Report, this article summarizes several research studies.

The study indicates that, although people are likely to seek out those with similar political ideologies, social media is not the sole reason for political polarization and extreme beliefs.

MLA 8 Citation

Soergel, Andrew. “Is Social Media to Blame for Political Polarization in America?” U.S. News & World Report, 20 March 2017, www.usnews.com/news/articles/2017-03-20/is-social-media-to-blame-for-political-polarization-in-america.

APA Citation

Soergel, A. (2017). Is social media to blame for political polarization in America? Retrieved from https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2017-03-20/is-social-media-to-blame-for-political-polarization-in-america

6. Did Social Media Ruin Election 2016?

This NPR article examines social media’s influence on the 2016 presidential election.

The author notes that the inherent way in which people (the general public, politicians, and those creating automated responses) use social media can create concern as it can be difficult to sort out real messages from fake ones.

Social media platforms can also focus on scandals rather than policy.

Check out An Argument Against the Notion That Social Media Can Cause Political Change to read one writer’s argument surrounding social media’s political influence.

MLA 8 Citation

Sanders, Sam. “Did Social Media Ruin Election 2016?” NPR, 8 Nov. 2016, www.npr.org/2016/11/08/500686320/did-social-media-ruin-election-2016.

APA Citation

Sanders, S. (2016). Did social media ruin election 2016? Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/2016/11/08/500686320/did-social-media-ruin-election-2016

3 Social Media Articles About Health and Social Media

7. Social Media: How Does It Affect Our Mental Health and Well-Being?

This article examines why people use social media and why they might become addicted.

It also discusses the results of a survey. Fifty-one percent of those surveyed felt that social media has negatively changed their behavior, and 55% felt worried or anxious if they were unable to log into their accounts.

Additionally, the article suggests that there may also be positive effects of social media, such as sharing positive and happy emotions with others.

Looking for another view on this topic? The sample essay A Discussion on Social Media as a Tool for Connecting People but Also Causing the Spread of Social Anxiety highlights negative health effects of social media.

MLA 8 Citation

Whiteman, Honor. “Social Media: How Does it Affect Our Mental Health and Well-being?” Medical News Today, Healthline Media, 10 June 2015, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/275361.php.

APA Citation

Whiteman, H. (2015). Social media: How does it affect our mental health and well-being? Retrieved from  http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/275361.php

8. Why Instagram Is the Worst Social Media for Mental Health

Published by Time, this article reports the results of a survey of 1,500 teens and adults.

The survey revealed that Instagram is “the worst social media for mental health” because it is “…associated with high levels of anxiety, depression, bullying and FOMO, or the ‘fear of missing out.’”

MLA 8 Citation

MacMillan, Amanda. “Why Instagram Is the Worst Social Media for Mental Health.” Time, 25 May 2017, time.com/4793331/instagram-social-media-mental-health/.

APA Citation

MacMillan, A. (2017, May 25). Why Instagram is the worst social media for mental health. Time. Retrieved from http://time.com/4793331/instagram-social-media-mental-health/

Stuck on Your Argumentative Essay?

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9. Social Media and Mental Health: “We Are More Than Our Profile Pictures”

When posting photos on social media, people usually include only photos that show them in the most positive light. Thus, as highlighted in this article, social media is often simply an illusion.

This illusion results from people who pretend to be one person online but may be very different in person. The illusion can also result from people who highlight only one aspect of their lives or personality on social media.

MLA 8 Citation

O’Brien, Sara Ashley. “Social Media and Mental Health: ‘We Are More Than Our Profile Pictures,’” CNN, 14 April 2016, money.cnn.com/2016/04/13/technology/amber-smith-pete-laws-social-media-anxiety/index.html.

APA Citation

O’Brien, S. A. (2016). Social media and mental health: “We are more than our profile pictures.” Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2016/04/13/technology/amber-smith-pete-laws-social-media-anxiety/index.html

3 Social Media Articles About Social Skills and Social Media

10. Social Media Is Actually Making You Socially Awkward

This brief article highlights our changing communications via social media.

The author argues that “speaking” primarily online not only can make it difficult to interpret people’s meanings through text but also can make people socially awkward. They no longer know how to communicate face-to-face.

MLA 8 Citation

Hall, Alena. “Social Media Is Actually Making You Socially Awkward.” HuffPost, 19 June 2014, www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/19/social-media-makes-you-socially-awkward_n_5512749.html.

APA Citation

Hall, A. (2014). Social media is actually making you socially awkward. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/19/social-media-makes-you-socially-awkward_n_5512749.html

11. The Impact of Social Media Use on Social Skills

This article highlights positive impacts of social media, such as staying in contact with family, enhancing learning skills, and collaborating online.

The article also discusses negative impacts of social media, such as cyberbullying, sexting, depression, and an increased risk of hindering social skills.

If you’re evaluating the credibility of this article, notice that it cites a number of credible sources. This makes it easy to verify the article’s content.

Bonus Tip: If you need more evidence to support your arguments, check the references listed in your sources. You may be able to use one of their references as a source for your own paper.

Read the sample essay “The Impact of Social Media Use on Social Skills.” New York Behavioral Health, newyorkbehavioralhealth.com/the-impact-of-social-media-use-on-social-skills.

12. Feeling Lonely? Too Much Time On Social Media May Be Why

Published by NPR, this article references a study that indicates, “while face-to-face social connectedness is strongly associated with well-being, it’s not clear what happens when those interactions happen virtually.”

Essentially, the more time you spend on social media sites (being virtually connected), the less likely you are to feel socially connected in real life.

MLA 8 Citation

Hobson, Katherine. “Feeling Lonely? Too Much Time On Social Media May Be Why.” NPR, 6 March 2017, www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/03/06/518362255/feeling-lonely-too-much-time-on-social-media-may-be-why.

APA Citation

Hobson, K. (2017). Feeling lonely? Too much time on social media may be why. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/03/06/518362255/feeling-lonely-too-much-time-on-social-media-may-be-why

Writing and Revision Are Social Processes

If you’ve posted pictures of yourself on Instagram working on your paper or Tweeted that you could use a little help from your friends but still haven’t gotten the support you need, here are a few additional resources to help you put it all together.

If you need a few more social media articles or other sources for your argumentative essay, read 5 Best Resources to Help With Writing a Research Paper.

If you need a little help getting your paper started after narrowing down what articles will work for your paper, check out these outline templates.

Once you’ve drafted your paper, spend some time on revision. You can certainly revise your own paper, and I recommend you do, but it’s always a good idea to let someone else read your paper too.

While your friend or roommate might be a fine choice, another great suggestion is to let a trained professional (like a Kibin editor) provide feedback.

Stuck on Your Argumentative Essay?

Check Out These Example Arguments

Yes! Show Me Examples.

Image #1: Professional, ethical scientists carefully monitoring and testing animals and developing life-saving cures.

Image #2: People needlessly injecting, probing, and torturing defenseless animals.

While some of you may have an image that’s somewhere between ethical testing and torture, I’m sure many of you will either see Image #1 or Image #2.

Animal testing is one of those topics that can polarize opinions. It’s this extreme difference in opinion that can make this topic a good choice for a persuasive essay.

Animal testing is a polarizing topic, and this makes it a good choice for a persuasive essay.
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It’s easy to say you’re either for or against animal testing, but you can’t write an effective persuasive essay about the topic without evidence to support your opinion.

Use these animal testing articles to help support your persuasive essay.

Choosing Appropriate Animal Testing Articles

One of the most important things to remember about research and choosing articles for your persuasive essay is that not all sources are created equal.

Sources can be outdated, incorrect, biased, or simply not appropriate for your paper.

That blog written by your roommate about how to reduce stress and anxiety during exam week might provide some useful advice. But if you’re writing a research paper, you’re better off citing someone more credible, like a professor or doctor.

And because finding good sources takes time, don’t simply pick the first five sources you find after Googling “animal testing.”

Finding good sources takes time, don’t simply pick the first 5 sources you find on Google.
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Actually read the sources before you decide to use them for your paper. (I know, this adds some extra time to your research process, but trust me, it’s worth it.)

Wondering how to tell if a source is credible? Read How to Apply the CRAAP Test to Your Essay Sources.

Still not sure what credible articles might look like? Review the following animal testing articles to find support for your persuasive essay.

20 Animal Testing Articles to Support Your Persuasive Essay

Whether you’re for or against animal testing, your paper needs to do the following:

• Provide readers with background information
• Acknowledge the opposing view (learn more about opposing viewpoints and writing an argument here)
• Persuade readers of your viewpoint through by using good evidence.

I’ve divided these resources into categories to help you find the most appropriate articles for your persuasive essay.

I’ve also included an MLA 8 citation and APA citation for each article.

Articles on the history of animal testing

1. Animal Testing and Medicine

Written by a cardiologist, this article provides a brief overview of the history of animal testing but ultimately argues that animal testing is necessary and beneficial. (If you’re writing an argument of your own, check out How to Write a Winning Argument Essay.)

MLA 8 Citation

Hajar, Rachel. “Animal Testing and Medicine.” Heart Views: The Official Journal of the Gulf Heart Association, vol. 12, no. 1, 2011, p. 42, doi.org/10.4103/1995-705X.81548.

APA Citation

Hajar, R. (2011). Animal testing and medicine. Heart Views: The Official Journal of the Gulf Heart Association, 12(1), 42. http://doi.org/10.4103/1995-705X.81548

2. Animal Testing: A Long, Unpretty History

This article provides a brief history of animal testing, including animal testing completed by the Greeks and Romans in the 2nd century and more recent testing on chimpanzees.

MLA 8 Citation

Scutti, Susan. “Animal Testing: A Long, Unpretty History.” Medical Daily, Newsweek Media Group, 27 June 2013, www.medicaldaily.com/animal-testing-long-unpretty-history-247217.

APA Citation

Scutti, S. (2013). Animal testing: A long, unpretty history. Retrieved from http://www.medicaldaily.com/animal-testing-long-unpretty-history-247217

3. Animal Welfare Act

Published on the U.S. Department of Agriculture website, this page links to the full text of the Animal Welfare Act (which requires specific standards of treatment for animals used for commercial purposes or in research). This is a government website, and thus, the information is reliable.

MLA 8 Citation

“Animal Welfare Act.” U.S. Department of Agriculture, www.nal.usda.gov/awic/animal-welfare-act.

APA Citation

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (n.d.). Animal welfare act. Retrieved from https://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/animal-welfare-act

Pro/con animal testing articles

4. Pros and Cons of Animal Testing

Included in this article is a brief overview of the pros and cons of animal testing, two short animal experimentation videos, and an infographic about animal testing and cosmetics.

Want to use a pros and cons structure for your essay? Read How to Write a Pros and Cons Essay Like a Pro for helpful advice.

MLA 8 Citation

“Pros and Cons of Animal Testing.” Health Research Funding, 26 Feb. 2014. healthresearchfunding.org/pros-cons-animal-testing/.

APA Citation

Health Research Funding. (2014). Pros and cons of animal testing. Retrieved from http://healthresearchfunding.org/pros-cons-animal-testing/

5. Should Animals Be Used for Commercial or Scientific Testing?

This page offers a variety of pro and con quotes about animal testing from authors, doctors, professors, and other credible professionals.

MLA 8 Citation

“Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing?” ProCon.org, 7 April 2017, animal-testing.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001887.

APA Citation

Should animals be used for scientific or commercial testing? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://animal-testing.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001887

6. Animal Testing Cons: What Every Person Should Know

As the title indicates, this article focuses on the negative aspects of animal testing, such as the cost, the lack of protection for animals, and the fact that some tests are, in the end, simply pointless.

This article is a blog post published by Udemy, “…a global marketplace for learning and teaching online.” Though the article provides valuable information, keep in mind that blog posts may not be appropriate for all research papers.

(Check with your prof, and read the assignment guidelines to make sure you’re allowed to cite blogs.)

MLA 8 Citation

Klazema, April. “Animal Testing Cons: What Every Person Should Know.” Udemy.com, 13 June 2014, blog.udemy.com/animal-testing-cons/.

APA Citation

Klazema, A. (2014, June 13). Animal testing cons: What every person should know [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://blog.udemy.com/animal-testing-cons/

Pro/con animal testing websites

When citing full websites in APA, keep in mind that APA doesn’t require an entry in your references list. The APA citations below put the websites into formatting for the reference list in case your prof requires you to do it this way.

If not, then follow APA guidelines on citing full websites if you’re citing an entire site or for individual web sources if citing a particular page or article from a website.

7. Speaking of Research

The website Speaking of Research was “founded in 2008 by Tom Holder and inspired by the British student movement ‘Pro-test'” (www.pro-test.org.uk).

The organization “…aims to change the tide of the controversial animal rights debate in the United States by encouraging students and scientists to speak out in favor of the lifesaving medical research developed with animals.”

MLA 8 Citation

Speaking of Research. speakingofresearch.com/.

APA Citation

Speaking of Research. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://speakingofresearch.com/

8. Understanding Animal Research

This website offers a variety of resources for journalists, scientists, schools, and policymakers. It also links to a number of news articles and other resources.

MLA 8 Citation

Understanding Animal Research. www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/.

  APA Citation

Understanding Animal Research. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/

9. International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals

Founded in 1969, this organization argues against all forms of animal testing.

MLA 8 Citation

International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals. www.iaapea.com/.

APA Citation

International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.iaapea.com/

10. PETA

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals is the self-proclaimed largest animal rights organization in the world and focuses on ending animal cruelty.

MLA 8 Citation

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). www.peta.org/.

APA Citation

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.peta.org/

Animal testing news articles

11. How Animal Experiments Paved the Way for the CIA’s Torture Program

The author of this article, a neurologist and public health specialist, reveals that government torture of humans was directly inspired by similar animal testing. She also advocates for the government to stop its continued systematic experimentation on animals.

MLA 8 Citation

Akhtar, Aysha. “How Animal Experiments Paved the Way for the CIA’s Torture Program.” HuffPost, Oath Inc., 21 Jan. 2015, www.huffingtonpost.com/aysha-akhtar/how-animal-experiments-pa_b_6462706.html.

APA Citation

Akhtar, A. (2015). How animal experiments paved the way for the CIA’s torture program. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/aysha-akhtar/how-animal-experiments-pa_b_6462706.html

 12. New Law Gives Cats and Dogs in Research Labs a Second Chance At Life

Published by HuffPost, this article discusses a 2016 law that states, “All state-funded research labs must make dogs and cats used as test subjects available for adoption—as opposed to euthanizing them—when testing is complete.”

MLA 8 Citation

Hanson, Hillary. “New Law Gives Cats and Dogs in Research Labs A Second Chance At Life.” HuffPost, Oath Inc., 17 Aug. 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/law-dogs-cats-adoption-testing-beagle-freedom_us_57b4b2b4e4b0fd5a2f40d552.

APA Citation

Hanson, H. (2016). New law gives cats and dogs in research labs a second chance at life. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/law-dogs-cats-adoption-testing-beagle-freedom_us_57b4b2b4e4b0fd5a2f40d552

Stuck on Your Essay?

Check out thousands of example essays.

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13. U.S. Research Lab Lets Livestock Suffer in Quest for Profit

This lengthy New York Times article describes a variety of tests, surgeries, and other experiments a giant research lab is using in an attempt to re-engineer farm animals. While the animals are a potential benefit to both the farms and the consumer, the harm and pain inflicted on the animals are extreme.

MLA 8 Citation

Moss, Michael. “U.S. Research Lab Lets Livestock Suffer in Quest for Profit.” The New York Times, 19 Jan. 2015, www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=1.

APA Citation

Moss, M. (2015, January 19). U.S. research lab lets livestock suffer in quest for profit. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=1

14. About Cosmetics Animal Testing

Posted by Humane Society International, this article includes an overview of the testing of cosmetics on animals, as well as links to activism sites.

MLA 8 Citation

“About Cosmetics Animal Testing.” Humane Society International, 6 March 2013, www.hsi.org/issues/becrueltyfree/facts/about_cosmetics _animal_testing.html.

APA Citation

About cosmetics animal testing. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.hsi.org /issues/becrueltyfree/facts/about_cosmetics_animal_testing.html

15. To Kill a Lab Rat

Many animals used in testing are euthanized after experiments by being forced to inhale carbon dioxide. Animals feel distress during this process, and this article reports that labs, because of the pain and discomfort felt by animals, are being asked to use anesthesia.

Many, however, question whether this practice will be effective as it too may cause some distress to animals.

This article highlights the controversy surrounding the topic of animal testing. If you’re completing your own research on the subject, take a look at How to Write Perfect Survey Questions for Your Paper.

MLA 8 Citation

Grens, Kerry. “To Kill a Lab Rat.” The Scientist, LabX Media Group, 4 Nov. 2014, www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/41378/title/To-Kill-a-Lab-Rat/.

APA Citation

Grens, K. (2014, November 4). To kill a lab rat. The Scientist. Retrieved from http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/41378/title/To-Kill-a-Lab-Rat/

16. “Shocking” Animal Rights Exposés by Newspapers Were Nothing of the Kind

This article argues that, while it’s clear that some animal abuse occurs during experimentation, some newspapers sensationalize the reports. It further argues that only a handful of abuse cases can be substantiated.

MLA 8 Citation

Fox, Fiona. “‘Shocking’ Animal Rights Exposés by Newspapers Were Nothing of the Kind.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media Limited, 7 Oct. 2014, www.theguardian.com/science/2014/oct/07/animal-rights-uk-newspapers-buav.

APA Citation

Fox, F. (2104, October 7). “Shocking” animal rights exposés by newspapers were nothing of the kind. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/oct/07/animal-rights-uk-newspapers-buav

17. Animal Experimentation Up 73%, Study Says

The animal rights organization PETA claims that the use of animals in federally funded labs has increased 75% in the past 15 years. The article also includes the opinion of the National Institute of Health, who argues that PETA has used the data inappropriately and, thus, dismisses the study.

This article is published by CBS News and is a credible news source.

MLA 8 Citation

Casey, Michael. “Animal Experimentation up 73 Percent, Study Says.” CBS News, CBS Interactive, 26 Feb. 2015, www.cbsnews.com/news/peta-study-finds-animal-testing-in-federal-labs-on-the-increase/.

APA Citation

Casey, M. (2015). Animal experimentation up 73 percent, study says. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/peta-study-finds-animal-testing-in-federal-labs-on-the-increase/

Stuck on Your Essay?

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18. Companies Are Making Human Skin in Labs to Curb Animal Testing of Products

Published by CNBC.com, this article explains that the cosmetics company L’Oreal is growing human skin (called EpiSkin) in labs. The lab-grown skin is used to test cosmetics and help reduce the number of animals used in testing.

MLA 8 Citation

Woods, Bob. “Companies Are Making Human Skin in Labs to Curb Animal Testing of Products.” CNBC.com, 28 May 2017, www.cnbc.com/2017/05/25/loreal-is-making-lab-produced-human-skin-to-curb-animal-testing.html.

APA Citation

Woods, B. (2017). Companies are making human skin in labs to curb animal testing of products. Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/25/loreal-is-making-lab-produced-human-skin-to-curb-animal-testing.html

19. The Price of Killing Off Animal Testing

Published in Newsweek, this article reports that, if animal rights activists achieved their goal of ending all animal testing, many people would suffer. The president of the Foundation for Biomedical Research even claims it “…would be a death sentence for millions of people around the world.”

MLA 8 Citation

Ericson, John. “The Price of Killing Off Animal Testing.” Newsweek, 20 Feb. 2014, www.newsweek.com/2014/02/21/price-killing-animal-testing-245548.html.

APA Citation

Ericson, J. (2014, February 20). The price of killing off animal testing. Newsweek. Retrieved from http://www.newsweek.com/2014/02/21/price-killing-animal-testing-245548.html

20. The 6 Craziest Animal Experiments

Just as it sounds, this article provides a brief discussion of six strange and sometimes controversial animal experiments.

MLA 8 Citation

Wolchover, Natalie. “The 6 Craziest Animal Experiments.” LiveScience, TechMedia Network, 1 August 2011, www.livescience.com/33420-6-craziest-animal-experiments.html.

APA Citation

Wolchover, N. (2011). The 6 craziest animal experiments. Retrieved from http://www.livescience.com/33420-6-craziest-animal-experiments.html

Finalizing Your Research

It’s probably safe to say that, although this blog post contains 20 credible animal testing articles to support a persuasive essay, not all of the articles included here will work for your paper.

This, of course, means you’ll need to do more research.

Remember, finding good sources takes time, so don’t just use the first animal testing articles listed in your Google search. In fact, Google isn’t even the best way to complete your research (really!).

Google is a great start, but there are other places to find credible resources. Where, you ask? Read the 5 Best Sources to Help with Writing a Research Paper to find out!

Looking for even more help writing a persuasive essay? Read these posts:

• What Is a Persuasive Essay and How Can You Makes Yours Good?
• How to Create a Persuasive Essay Outline
• Persuasive Essay Writing Made Simple

Want to see what other students have written about the topic ? Check out these example essays about animal testing.

Need someone to review your finished paper? Have a Kibin editor help revise and edit!